The nurse is educating a patient with diabetes about long-term complications of the disease. Which of the following complications should the nurse include in the teaching?
Asthma
Osteoporosis
Liver cirrhosis
Cardiovascular disease
The Correct Answer is D
A. Asthma: Asthma is a respiratory condition and is not a common complication associated with diabetes.
B. Osteoporosis: Osteoporosis is a bone disease more commonly associated with hormonal changes, aging, or steroid use, not directly linked to diabetes.
C. Liver cirrhosis: Liver cirrhosis is usually caused by alcohol use, hepatitis, or other liver diseases, not directly due to diabetes.
D. Cardiovascular disease: Diabetes is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease due to its association with atherosclerosis, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Drink plenty of fluids to stay well hydrated. Hydration is crucial for clients with sickle cell disease as it helps prevent blood thickening and reduces the risk of sickling crises.
B. Limit your intake of fruits and vegetables to avoid complications. Fruits and vegetables are essential for balanced nutrition and are not contraindicated in sickle cell disease. Limiting them is unnecessary and could lead to nutritional deficiencies.
C. You can stop your prescribed antibiotics once you feel better. Antibiotics should always be completed as prescribed to fully treat any infection and prevent resistance, especially in individuals with weakened immune responses.
D. Take your pain medications only when you have severe pain. Clients with sickle cell disease should take pain medications as needed, even for mild pain, to prevent escalation of pain and a sickle cell crisis.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Otosclerosis. Otosclerosis is a common cause of conductive hearing loss, typically due to abnormal bone growth around the stapes in the middle ear.
B. Acoustic neuroma. Acoustic neuroma is associated with sensorineural hearing loss, not conductive hearing loss.
C. Meniere's disease. Meniere's disease usually causes sensorineural hearing loss, often accompanied by vertigo and tinnitus.
D. Presbycusis. Presbycusis is age-related sensorineural hearing loss and does not result in conductive hearing loss.