The nurse is caring for a preschooler with acute nasopharyngitis. Which information should the nurse include when teaching the parents about this health problem?
A cough that accompanies a cold should not be suppressed.
An antibiotic is prescribed for children younger than 5 years of age.
Typically, the child will pull the ear when a cold is present.
Healthy children rarely have more than one cold per year.
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Coughing helps to clear mucus from the airways, and suppressing it can lead to complications such as mucus buildup and infection.
B. Antibiotics are not prescribed for viral infections like the common cold unless there is a secondary bacterial infection.
C. Ear pulling may indicate ear discomfort or infection, but it is not a typical response to nasopharyngitis alone.
D. It is normal for young children to have multiple colds per year due to their developing immune systems.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Loosening restrictive clothing is important for ensuring the child’s comfort and preventing injury, but it is not the immediate priority.
B. Placing a pillow under the child’s head can help prevent head injury during a seizure, but positioning the child is more urgent to prevent aspiration.
C. Positioning the child side-lying is the priority because it helps maintain an open airway and reduces the risk of aspiration of vomit during the seizure. Protecting the airway is the most critical intervention in this scenario.
D. Clearing the area of hazards is important to prevent injury during the seizure, but it is secondary to ensuring the child's airway is protected.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Enlarged mandibular growth is not characteristic of sickle-cell anemia.
B. Depigmented areas on the abdomen are not associated with sickle-cell anemia.
C. Slightly yellow sclera (jaundice) is consistent with sickle-cell anemia due to the breakdown of red blood cells, which can lead to an increased level of bilirubin.
D. Increased growth of long bones is not typically associated with sickle-cell anemia; instead, there may be pain and deformities related to sickle cell crises.