The nurse is caring for a preschooler with acute nasopharyngitis. Which information should the nurse include when teaching the parents about this health problem?
A cough that accompanies a cold should not be suppressed.
An antibiotic is prescribed for children younger than 5 years of age.
Typically, the child will pull the ear when a cold is present.
Healthy children rarely have more than one cold per year.
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Coughing helps to clear mucus from the airways, and suppressing it can lead to complications such as mucus buildup and infection.
B. Antibiotics are not prescribed for viral infections like the common cold unless there is a secondary bacterial infection.
C. Ear pulling may indicate ear discomfort or infection, but it is not a typical response to nasopharyngitis alone.
D. It is normal for young children to have multiple colds per year due to their developing immune systems.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Sitting on a nurse's lap leaning forward is a safe position for postural drainage as it promotes drainage from the upper lobes of the lungs.
B. The Trendelenburg position, where the body is laid flat on the back with the feet higher than the head, is contraindicated for infants with cystic fibrosis because it can increase the risk of gastroesophageal reflux and aspiration.
C. The supine position is generally safe but does not facilitate effective postural drainage compared to other positions.
D. Sitting on a nurse's lap leaning backward is safe and can be used for drainage from the anterior lung segments.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Telling the child that temper tantrums are unacceptable may not be effective, as toddlers may not fully understand this concept.
B. Ignoring temper tantrums is often recommended because giving attention to the tantrum can reinforce the behavior. Consistently ignoring the tantrum can help decrease their frequency over time.
C. While distraction can sometimes be effective, it may not work in the middle of a tantrum when the child is already upset.
D. Physically restraining the child is not recommended as it can escalate the situation and lead to further distress.