The nurse is caring for a preschooler with acute nasopharyngitis. Which information should the nurse include when teaching the parents about this health problem?
A cough that accompanies a cold should not be suppressed.
An antibiotic is prescribed for children younger than 5 years of age.
Typically, the child will pull the ear when a cold is present.
Healthy children rarely have more than one cold per year.
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Coughing helps to clear mucus from the airways, and suppressing it can lead to complications such as mucus buildup and infection.
B. Antibiotics are not prescribed for viral infections like the common cold unless there is a secondary bacterial infection.
C. Ear pulling may indicate ear discomfort or infection, but it is not a typical response to nasopharyngitis alone.
D. It is normal for young children to have multiple colds per year due to their developing immune systems.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Switching formula is not the first intervention, as projectile vomiting in an infant can indicate a more serious condition such as pyloric stenosis, which requires medical evaluation.
B. Oral rehydration solution may be needed if the infant is dehydrated, but the cause of vomiting must be assessed first.
C. While burping can reduce gas and discomfort, it is unlikely to resolve projectile vomiting, which may be due to a more serious underlying condition.
D. Bringing the baby to the clinic is the most appropriate action, as projectile vomiting can be a sign of pyloric stenosis or another serious condition that requires prompt medical attention.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Glyburide is an oral hypoglycemic agent used for type 2 diabetes, not type 1 diabetes, which requires insulin therapy.
B. Insulin should be injected into the subcutaneous tissue, typically in areas such as the abdomen or thighs, not the deltoid muscle.
C. Annual influenza vaccination is important for adolescents with type 1 diabetes to prevent infections that can affect blood glucose control.
D. Glucagon is used to treat severe hypoglycemia, not hyperglycemia. For hyperglycemia, insulin adjustments are necessary.