The nurse is caring for a patient who states, "I tossed and turned last night." The nurse responds to the patient, "You feel like you were awake all night?" This is an example of:
restatement.
reflection.
open-ended question.
offering self.
The Correct Answer is B
A. restatement. Restatement involves repeating the patient’s words exactly, while here, the nurse is rephrasing the sentiment.
B. reflection. Reflection focuses on the patient’s feelings or experiences by paraphrasing their statement, helping the patient explore their feelings, which the nurse is doing here.
C. open-ended question. An open-ended question would be broad, allowing the patient to provide more information. This response is a restatement, not a question.
D. offering self. Offering self involves expressing a willingness to stay or support the patient, which is not demonstrated here.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Tenderness upon palpation and generalized erythema indicate skin irritation and possible sunburn, which are signs of overexposure to PUVA treatment. This finding suggests that the client may have received excessive ultraviolet exposure, leading to skin damage.
B. Thick skin plaques topped by silvery white scales are characteristic of psoriasis vulgaris itself, not a sign of overexposure to PUVA.
C. Requiring sunglasses because sunlight hurts the eyes may indicate sensitivity but is not a specific indicator of overexposure to PUVA treatment; it could relate to other issues such as underlying eye conditions.
D. Brown, rough, greasy, wart-like papules on the face are not typically associated with PUVA overexposure but could be related to other skin conditions or lesions.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Visible swelling of the neck may indicate other conditions, such as thyroid issues, but it is not a characteristic finding of Cushing's syndrome.
B. Warm, soft, moist, salmon-colored skin is more indicative of hyperthyroidism rather than Cushing's syndrome, which typically presents with thin, fragile skin.
C. A husky voice and hoarseness can occur due to various reasons, but they are not classic symptoms of Cushing's syndrome.
D. Central type obesity, characterized by a rounded face and thin extremities, is a hallmark feature of Cushing's syndrome, caused by excessive cortisol levels leading to fat redistribution.