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The nurse is caring for a patient who is currently receiving oxytocin (Pitocin). What will the nurse anticipate as an expected outcome of this medication?

A.

Inducing labor in full-term gestation clients

B.

Preventing contractions in pre-term clients

C.

Prevention of pregnancy

D.

Increase the amounts of eggs produced during ovulation

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Oxytocin is primarily used to induce or augment labor in full-term clients, making this the correct statement regarding its expected outcome.  

 

B. Oxytocin is not used to prevent contractions; it is used to stimulate them, especially during labor.  

 

C. Oxytocin is not a contraceptive; it does not prevent pregnancy but is used in labor management.  

 

D. Oxytocin does not influence egg production; it primarily affects uterine contractions and milk ejection in breastfeeding.


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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Epinephrine is primarily used for anaphylaxis and severe asthma attacks; it is not effective in reversing opioid overdose.

B. Protamine is an antidote for heparin, not for opioid overdose.

C. Flumazenil is a benzodiazepine antagonist and is not indicated for opioid overdose; it can potentially precipitate seizures in patients with mixed drug overdoses.

D. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist specifically indicated for reversing the effects of opioid overdose, including respiratory depression, making it the appropriate choice in this scenario.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. A high first-pass effect means that a significant amount of the drug is metabolized by the liver before reaching systemic circulation, making oral administration less effective.

B. Morphine with a high first-pass effect will be more effective when administered via non-enteral routes, such as IV or subcutaneous, to bypass the liver's initial metabolism.

C. The first-pass effect does not influence the kidney’s rate of excretion but rather the liver’s initial metabolism of the drug.

D. The liver, not the kidneys, is responsible for the first-pass metabolism, which occurs before the drug reaches systemic circulation when taken orally.

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