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The nurse is caring for a client with emphysema who is mildly dyspneic after ambulation. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client to improve gas exchange?

A.

Lay down on each side with knees bent and breathe from abdomen.

B.

Increase breathing rate for a full 30 seconds.

C.

Raise hands above the head to expand the diaphragm.

D.

Draw air in through nose and exhale slowly through pursed lips.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

 

Laying down on each side with knees bent and breathing from the abdomen is not an effective technique for improving gas exchange in emphysema patients.

 

Choice B rationale

 

Increasing the breathing rate for a full 30 seconds can lead to hyperventilation and is not recommended for improving gas exchange.

 

Choice C rationale

 

Raising hands above the head to expand the diaphragm is not a recognized technique for improving gas exchange in emphysema patients.

 

Choice D rationale

 

Drawing air in through the nose and exhaling slowly through pursed lips is an effective technique for improving gas exchange in emphysema patients. This method helps to keep the airways open longer and improves the removal of trapped air.


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View Related questions

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Acute pancreatitis is a potential complication after cholecystectomy. The persistent upper abdominal pain radiating to the back is a classic symptom of acute pancreatitis. This condition can occur due to the migration of gallstones or other factors affecting the pancreas.

Choice B rationale

Biliary duct obstruction can cause upper abdominal pain, but it is less likely to present with pain radiating to the back. This condition typically presents with jaundice and other symptoms.

Choice C rationale

Surgical site infection can cause abdominal pain, but it is usually localized to the surgical site and does not typically radiate to the back. Other signs of infection, such as fever and redness, would also be present.

Choice D rationale

Hepatorenal failure is a severe condition that can occur in patients with liver disease, but it is not commonly associated with pain radiating to the back. It typically presents with symptoms of liver and kidney dysfunction.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Restricting fluids is not a primary limitation for clients with Crohn’s disease. Adequate hydration is important for overall health and managing symptoms.

Choice B rationale

Limiting foods high in calcium and iron is not typically recommended for Crohn’s disease. These nutrients are important for maintaining bone health and preventing anemia, which can be concerns for individuals with Crohn’s disease.

Choice C rationale

An elimination diet can help identify trigger foods that may exacerbate symptoms of Crohn’s disease. This approach involves removing certain foods from the diet and gradually reintroducing them to determine which foods cause symptoms.

Choice D rationale

Avoiding gluten is not necessary for all individuals with Crohn’s disease. While some may benefit from a gluten-free diet, it is not a universal recommendation for managing the condition.

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