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The nurse is caring for a client with emphysema who is mildly dyspneic after ambulation. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client to improve gas exchange?

A.

Lay down on each side with knees bent and breathe from abdomen.

B.

Increase breathing rate for a full 30 seconds.

C.

Raise hands above the head to expand the diaphragm.

D.

Draw air in through nose and exhale slowly through pursed lips.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

 

Laying down on each side with knees bent and breathing from the abdomen is not an effective technique for improving gas exchange in emphysema patients.

 

Choice B rationale

 

Increasing the breathing rate for a full 30 seconds can lead to hyperventilation and is not recommended for improving gas exchange.

 

Choice C rationale

 

Raising hands above the head to expand the diaphragm is not a recognized technique for improving gas exchange in emphysema patients.

 

Choice D rationale

 

Drawing air in through the nose and exhaling slowly through pursed lips is an effective technique for improving gas exchange in emphysema patients. This method helps to keep the airways open longer and improves the removal of trapped air.


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View Related questions

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Irregular rapid heart rate (tachycardia) is a serious side effect of albuterol and warrants immediate intervention. Albuterol is a beta-2 agonist that can cause stimulation of beta-1 receptors in the heart, leading to tachycardia and potential arrhythmias.

Choice B rationale

Uncontrollable shaking (tremors) is a common side effect of albuterol due to its stimulation of beta-2 receptors in skeletal muscles. While uncomfortable, it is not typically life-threatening.

Choice C rationale

Increased anxiety can occur with albuterol use due to its stimulant effects on the central nervous system. However, it is not as immediately dangerous as tachycardia.

Choice D rationale

Throat irritation is a minor side effect of albuterol and does not require immediate intervention.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Observing pupil response of the right eye is not relevant to the care of the left eye post-cataract extraction.

Choice B rationale

Sleeping flat in a supine position is not recommended as it can increase intraocular pressure. Elevating the head is advised.

Choice C rationale

Turning, coughing, and deep breathing every 2 hours is not specific to cataract surgery and can increase intraocular pressure.

Choice D rationale

Administering a stool softener is important to prevent straining during bowel movements, which can increase intraocular pressure and affect healing.

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