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The nurse is caring for a client with emphysema who is mildly dyspneic after ambulation. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client to improve gas exchange?

A.

Lay down on each side with knees bent and breathe from abdomen.

B.

Increase breathing rate for a full 30 seconds.

C.

Raise hands above the head to expand the diaphragm.

D.

Draw air in through nose and exhale slowly through pursed lips.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

 

Laying down on each side with knees bent and breathing from the abdomen is not an effective technique for improving gas exchange in emphysema patients.

 

Choice B rationale

 

Increasing the breathing rate for a full 30 seconds can lead to hyperventilation and is not recommended for improving gas exchange.

 

Choice C rationale

 

Raising hands above the head to expand the diaphragm is not a recognized technique for improving gas exchange in emphysema patients.

 

Choice D rationale

 

Drawing air in through the nose and exhaling slowly through pursed lips is an effective technique for improving gas exchange in emphysema patients. This method helps to keep the airways open longer and improves the removal of trapped air.


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View Related questions

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Corneal abrasion is a contraindication for the use of ophthalmic ketorolac. Ketorolac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that can delay healing and increase the risk of further damage to the cornea.

Choice B rationale

Chemical burns are not a primary contraindication for ophthalmic ketorolac. However, the treatment of chemical burns typically involves other specific interventions, and the use of ketorolac should be carefully considered.

Choice C rationale

Radiation exposure is not a direct contraindication for the use of ophthalmic ketorolac. The medication is used to reduce inflammation and pain, which may be beneficial in managing symptoms related to radiation exposure.

Choice D rationale

A foreign body in the eye is not a primary contraindication for ophthalmic ketorolac. However, the foreign body should be removed, and the eye should be thoroughly examined before administering any medication.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Total protein levels are not directly related to the symptoms of pallor and fatigue. While important, they do not provide immediate insight into the client’s current condition.

Choice B rationale

Sodium levels are crucial for overall health but are not directly related to the symptoms of pallor and fatigue. Monitoring sodium is important for fluid balance but not for diagnosing anemia.

Choice C rationale

Glucose levels are essential for managing diabetes and other metabolic conditions but are not directly related to the symptoms of pallor and fatigue. Monitoring glucose is important for overall health but not for diagnosing anemia.

Choice D rationale

Hemoglobin levels are directly related to the symptoms of pallor and fatigue. Diclofenac, an NSAID, can cause gastrointestinal bleeding, leading to anemia. Therefore, reviewing hemoglobin levels is crucial in this scenario.

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