The nurse is caring for a client with emphysema who is mildly dyspneic after ambulation. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client to improve gas exchange?
Lay down on each side with knees bent and breathe from abdomen.
Increase breathing rate for a full 30 seconds.
Raise hands above the head to expand the diaphragm.
Draw air in through nose and exhale slowly through pursed lips.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Laying down on each side with knees bent and breathing from the abdomen is not an effective technique for improving gas exchange in emphysema patients.
Choice B rationale
Increasing the breathing rate for a full 30 seconds can lead to hyperventilation and is not recommended for improving gas exchange.
Choice C rationale
Raising hands above the head to expand the diaphragm is not a recognized technique for improving gas exchange in emphysema patients.
Choice D rationale
Drawing air in through the nose and exhaling slowly through pursed lips is an effective technique for improving gas exchange in emphysema patients. This method helps to keep the airways open longer and improves the removal of trapped air.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Restricting fluids is not a primary limitation for clients with Crohn’s disease. Adequate hydration is important for overall health and managing symptoms.
Choice B rationale
Limiting foods high in calcium and iron is not typically recommended for Crohn’s disease. These nutrients are important for maintaining bone health and preventing anemia, which can be concerns for individuals with Crohn’s disease.
Choice C rationale
An elimination diet can help identify trigger foods that may exacerbate symptoms of Crohn’s disease. This approach involves removing certain foods from the diet and gradually reintroducing them to determine which foods cause symptoms.
Choice D rationale
Avoiding gluten is not necessary for all individuals with Crohn’s disease. While some may benefit from a gluten-free diet, it is not a universal recommendation for managing the condition.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Attaching humidification to oxygen delivery can help with comfort but is not the immediate priority in assessing the client’s respiratory status.
Choice B rationale
Coaching through using huff coughing is a useful technique for clearing secretions but should follow the assessment of the client’s oxygenation status.
Choice C rationale
Obtaining a pulse oximetry reading is the next immediate action after positioning the client upright. It provides essential information about the client’s oxygen saturation and helps guide further interventions.
Choice D rationale
Providing a nebulizer breathing treatment can help relieve symptoms but should be based on the assessment of the client’s oxygenation status.