The nurse is caring for a client who will undergo a cerebral biopsy for a brain tumor. The client's pre-operative teaching should include:
to continue the antiepileptic drug to prevent seizure activity
morphine will be administered post-op for adequate pain control
to continue taking the daily Aspirin until the day of surgery
to continue the use of alternative or complementary therapies with family approval
The Correct Answer is A
A. Continuing antiepileptic drugs is crucial in patients with brain tumors, as these medications help prevent seizure activity, which is a common complication associated with brain tumors and surgical procedures.
B. While pain control is important, the specific medications used for postoperative pain management are determined after surgery; patients should be informed about general pain management strategies rather than specific drug administration.
C. Aspirin, an anticoagulant, should typically be stopped before surgery to reduce the risk of bleeding complications; therefore, patients should not continue taking it unless specifically directed by their healthcare provider.
D. Patients are usually advised to discontinue alternative or complementary therapies before surgery due to potential interactions with anesthesia or surgical procedures, and it should be clarified with the healthcare provider before proceeding.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. While being alert for non-verbal clues for pain or discomfort is important, it does not directly address the risk for ineffective airway clearance.
B. Answering for the client during rounds with the physician may compromise the client's ability to communicate their needs and concerns, which is not appropriate.
C. Assessment of the ability to cough and swallow is crucial for clients who have undergone oral surgery, as it directly relates to their airway clearance and safety in managing secretions.
D. Providing enough time for the client to respond is important for overall communication and comfort but does not specifically address the risk for ineffective airway clearance, which requires more targeted interventions.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. A lesion of cranial nerve IX primarily affects swallowing and taste sensations rather than motor coordination or balance, so this is unlikely to explain the patient's symptoms.
B. Vestibular disease typically results in vertigo and balance issues, but the specific observations of slow alternating movements and loss of balance during the Romberg Test suggest a different underlying cause.
C. Dysfunction of the cerebellum would explain the patient's difficulties with rapid alternating movements and balance issues, as the cerebellum is responsible for coordinating motor activity and maintaining posture and balance. This aligns with the assessment findings, indicating a probable cerebellar dysfunction.
D. While an AVM in the frontal lobe could affect motor control, the specific symptoms presented, such as the inability to perform rapid movements and balance issues, are more characteristic of cerebellar dysfunction rather than a frontal lobe lesion.