The nurse is caring for a client who is taking atorvastatin to assist in lowering his LDL cholesterol. Which lab value must be routinely done with this medication to prevent complications?
Platelet counts
Lung function test
Liver function test
Bun and Creatine levels
The Correct Answer is C
A) Platelet counts: Monitoring platelet counts is not necessary with atorvastatin therapy. While certain medications may affect platelet levels, atorvastatin primarily targets lipid levels and does not have a significant impact on platelet function.
B) Lung function test: Lung function tests are not relevant for atorvastatin use. These tests are typically utilized for assessing respiratory conditions and are not part of the routine monitoring for cholesterol-lowering medications.
C) Liver function test: Atorvastatin can affect liver function, so it is essential to monitor liver
enzymes (such as AST and ALT) regularly. Routine liver function tests help identify any potential hepatotoxicity early, allowing for timely intervention if liver function declines.
D) Bun and creatinine levels: While monitoring renal function can be important in some contexts, it is not a routine requirement specifically for atorvastatin. However, it may be necessary in certain patient populations or if there are concerns about kidney function, but liver function tests are the primary focus with this medication.
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Correct Answer is ["C","D","E","F"]
Explanation
A) Constipation: While constipation can occur with digoxin use, it is not a classic sign of digoxin toxicity. Therefore, it is less critical for the client to monitor this symptom specifically in relation to toxicity.
B) Dark red urine: Dark red urine is not typically associated with digoxin toxicity. This symptom could indicate other conditions, such as blood in the urine or issues with the kidneys, but it is not a direct manifestation of digoxin toxicity.
C) Bradycardia: Digoxin toxicity can lead to bradycardia, characterized by a slower than normal heart rate. The client should be instructed to monitor their pulse and report any significant changes, especially if the heart rate drops below 60 beats per minute.
D) Nausea: Nausea is a common symptom of digoxin toxicity. Clients should be aware of this and report any persistent or severe nausea, as it may indicate that the digoxin levels in their system are too high.
E) Vomiting: Vomiting is another classic sign of digoxin toxicity. Clients should be instructed to report any episodes of vomiting, as this can further complicate their condition and may require adjustment of their medication.
F) Anorexia: Anorexia, or loss of appetite, can also occur with digoxin toxicity. Clients should be advised to monitor their appetite and report any significant changes, as this can be an early indicator of toxicity.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. "Depending on the level of your PT/INR, the clot will begin to dissolve.": This response is misleading, as heparin's effect is not primarily monitored by PT/INR; rather, heparin is monitored by activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). Moreover, heparin does not directly dissolve clots; it prevents further clot formation.
B. "After the first dose, the clot will begin to dissolve.": This statement inaccurately suggests that heparin has an immediate effect on dissolving existing clots. While heparin acts quickly to inhibit further clotting, it does not lead to the dissolution of clots after the first dose.
C. "It usually takes heparin at least 2 to 3 days to reach a therapeutic blood level.": This is not accurate for heparin, which has an immediate effect on coagulation. While the therapeutic effects can be optimized over several days, heparin begins to work right away to prevent further clotting.
D. "Heparin does not dissolve clots. It stops new clots from forming.": This response accurately describes the mechanism of action of heparin. Heparin prevents the extension of existing clots and the formation of new clots, but it does not actively dissolve clots. This clarification is essential for the client’s understanding of their treatment and expectations regarding DVT management.