The nurse is caring for a client receiving ciprofloxacin for treatment of a urinary tract infection (UTI). The nurse will include which black box warning (BBW) in the discharge education?
This medication can cause thromboembolic events
This drug has a black box warning for causing tendon rupture
This medication can cause endometrial cancers
This medication can cause breast cancer
The Correct Answer is B
A. Thromboembolic events: This is not a black box warning for ciprofloxacin.
B. This drug has a black box warning for causing tendon rupture: Ciprofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone, has a black box warning for the risk of tendonitis and tendon rupture, especially in older adults or those on corticosteroids.
C. Endometrial cancers: Ciprofloxacin is not associated with cancer.
D. Breast cancer: There is no link between ciprofloxacin and breast cancer.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Macrolides: Macrolides, such as azithromycin or erythromycin, are often used as alternatives in clients with a penicillin allergy, as they do not have a beta-lactam ring and generally do not cause cross-reactivity.
B. Antiretrovirals: Antiretrovirals are used for treating HIV/AIDS and are unrelated to penicillin antibiotics, with no cross-sensitivity concerns.
C. Antimalarials: Antimalarial drugs are used to treat malaria and are not related to penicillin antibiotics, so they would not be a concern for cross-sensitivity.
D. Cephalosporins: Cephalosporins have a beta-lactam structure similar to penicillins, which can sometimes cause cross-reactivity in clients with a penicillin allergy. However, the risk is lower with newer generations.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Medications will need to be taken until the Mantoux test is negative: The Mantoux test (PPD) is used for diagnosis, not for monitoring treatment efficacy.
B. A typical course of treatment usually involves 6 months of consistent medication use. TB treatment typically requires at least 6 months of consistent medication adherence to fully eradicate the bacteria and prevent resistance.
C. Medications will need to be taken for the rest of the client's life, even if the client feels better: This is inaccurate. TB treatment is time-limited, though the full course must be completed.
D. The client's family will also need to take medications to prevent infection: Prophylactic treatment is not usually required for all family members, though they may need screening.