The nurse is caring for a client immediately after epidural. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the anesthesia provider?
Dizziness.
Blood pressure 88/52 mmHg.
Pain of 1 on a 0 to 10 scale.
Pulse 88 bpm.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Dizziness can be a side effect of epidural anesthesia, but it is not as critical as hypotension. It should be monitored, but it does not require immediate reporting unless it is severe or accompanied by other symptoms.
Choice B rationale
Blood pressure of 88/52 mmHg indicates hypotension, which is a common and potentially serious side effect of epidural anesthesia. Hypotension can lead to decreased placental perfusion and fetal distress, so it requires immediate attention and reporting to the anesthesia provider.
Choice C rationale
A pain level of 1 on a 0 to 10 scale indicates that the epidural is effectively managing the client’s pain. This is a positive outcome and does not require reporting.
Choice D rationale
A pulse of 88 bpm is within the normal range for an adult and does not indicate any immediate concern that needs to be reported to the anesthesia provider.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive imaging technique that provides detailed images of the fetus and placenta. However, it is not typically used as the first-line test for assessing placental perfusion and IUGR. Doppler flow studies are more specific for evaluating blood flow and detecting issues related to placental insufficiency.
Choice B rationale
Doppler flow studies are non-invasive tests that assess blood flow in the umbilical artery and other fetal vessels. These studies are particularly useful in evaluating placental perfusion and identifying intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Abnormal Doppler flow patterns can indicate compromised blood flow to the fetus, which is a concern in cases of minimal fetal growth.
Choice C rationale
Amniocentesis is an invasive procedure that involves extracting a sample of amniotic fluid for genetic testing and assessment of fetal lung maturity. It is not used for evaluating placental perfusion or IUGR7.
Choice D rationale
Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is an invasive procedure used for early genetic testing by sampling placental tissue. It is not used for assessing placental perfusion or IUGR7.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A non-stress test (NST) is a common initial assessment for decreased fetal movement. It evaluates fetal heart rate patterns in response to fetal movements, providing information about fetal well-being and oxygenation.
Choice B rationale
A biophysical profile (BPP) is a more comprehensive assessment that includes an NST and ultrasound evaluation of fetal movements, tone, breathing, and amniotic fluid volume. It may be ordered if the NST results are non-reassuring or if there are other concerns.
Choice C rationale
An ultrasound can provide valuable information about fetal growth, amniotic fluid volume, and placental function. It may be used in conjunction with other tests but is not the first-line assessment for decreased fetal movement.
Choice D rationale
Amniocentesis is an invasive procedure used for specific indications, such as genetic testing or assessing fetal lung maturity. It is not typically used for initial assessment of decreased fetal movement.