The nurse is assessing a 1-day post-operative client and discovers fine crackles at the bases of the right lung on inspiration. What does the nurse suspect is the cause of the adventitious lung sounds in the right lung?
Asthma
Pneumothorax
Atelectasis
Emphysema
Bronchitis
The Correct Answer is C
A. Asthma typically presents with wheezing, not fine crackles.
B. Pneumothorax usually presents with decreased or absent breath sounds rather than crackles.
C. Atelectasis, which is common after surgery, can cause fine crackles at the lung bases due to collapsed alveoli reopening during inspiration.
D. Emphysema generally results in diminished breath sounds and hyper-resonance rather than crackles.
E. Bronchitis typically produces coarse crackles or rhonchi, not fine crackles.
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Correct Answer is E
Explanation
A. Providing care based on predetermined criteria may overlook individual client needs and cultural nuances.
B. Prioritizing hospital unit workflow may not align with the individual needs of clients.
C. Care aligned with professional healthcare values may not address the specific cultural values and preferences of diverse clients.
D. This approach may dismiss the client's autonomy and unique cultural context.
E. Honoring the client's differences and perspectives indicates a commitment to culturally responsive care, recognizing and respecting diverse backgrounds.
Correct Answer is ["A","C"]
Explanation
A. Pulmonic valve closure is best heard at the base of the heart, near the second intercostal space at the left sternal border.
B. Tricuspid valve sounds are best heard at the lower left sternal border, near the apex rather than the base of the heart.
C. Aortic valve closure is also best heard at the base of the heart, near the second intercostal space on the right sternal border.
D. Mitral valve sounds are heard best at the apex of the heart, near the fifth intercostal space in the midclavicular line, not the base.