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The nurse in the dialysis unit is initiating the morning scheduled dialysis clients. Which client would the nurse prioritize to assess first?

A.

The client on peritoneal dialysis who is reporting a hard and rigid abdomen.

B.

The client who does not have a palpable thrill or auscultated bruit.

C.

The client who is reporting a 3.6 kg weight gain and it refusing dialysis.

D.

The client who has a hemoglobin of 9.0 mg/dL (12.0-15.5 mg/dL) and hematocrit of 26% (36.1% -44.3%).

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. The client on peritoneal dialysis who is reporting a hard and rigid abdomen. A hard, rigid abdomen suggests peritonitis, a life-threatening complication requiring immediate assessment and intervention.

 

B. The client who does not have a palpable thrill or auscultated bruit: This indicates a possible vascular access issue, but it is not as immediately life-threatening as peritonitis.

 

C. The client who is reporting a 3.6 kg weight gain and refusing dialysis: This weight gain could signal fluid overload, but refusal of dialysis would require a different approach that may not need immediate intervention unless symptoms worsen.

 

D. The client with a hemoglobin of 9.0 mg/dL and hematocrit of 26%: This low hemoglobin and hematocrit level may require treatment, but it is not an immediate life-threatening issue like peritonitis.


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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

A. The client has legal authority to do so: The nurse’s signature confirms that the client appears to have the legal capacity to consent.

B. The client does not have a mental health condition: This is not within the nurse’s purview to assess unless explicitly stated; mental capacity, not condition, is key.

C. The client was not coerced: The nurse’s signature also indicates the consent was given voluntarily, without coercion.

D. The client signed in the nurse's presence: The nurse’s signature confirms that the nurse witnessed the client’s signature.

E. The client speaks the same language as the nurse: Consent requires understanding, which can be provided through an interpreter, so this is not necessary.

Correct Answer is ["A","E","F"]

Explanation

A. Ensure comfortable seating at eye level for the client and nurse: Establishes a non-intimidating environment, helping the client feel more at ease.

B. Provide seating for the client so that the client faces a strong light: Incorrect; this may cause discomfort and make the client feel scrutinized.

C. Ensure that the distance between the client and nurse is at least 7 ft: Too great a distance for effective communication; ideal distance is 3-4 feet.

D. Place a chair for the client across from the nurse's desk: Creates a formal, potentially intimidating setting, discouraging openness.

E. Set the room temperature at a comfortable level: Ensures physical comfort, aiding in client relaxation and openness.

F. Remove distracting objects from the interviewing area: Minimizes potential distractions, keeping the client focused and the environment conducive to communication.

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