The nurse caring for a client diagnosed with pancreatic cancer understands that the key to effective pain management is: (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
pain control options should be appropriate to the setting.
delivery of pain relief interventions should be timely and logical.
asking about pain once a shift.
belief that pain is what the client reports it is.
most effective when provided by a team approach.
Correct Answer : A,B,D,E
A. Pain control options should be appropriate to the setting because different environments (e.g., home vs. hospital) may require different approaches to pain management, ensuring that the interventions align with the patient's needs and the context.
B. Timely and logical delivery of pain relief interventions is critical for effective pain management. Delays in treatment can lead to unnecessary suffering and complicate the overall management of the patient's condition.
C. Asking about pain only once a shift is insufficient for effective pain management. Pain can fluctuate frequently, especially in a client with cancer, so regular assessment is essential to address pain promptly.
D. Believing that pain is what the client reports it to be is fundamental to effective pain management. Pain is subjective, and clients' experiences and expressions of pain should be taken seriously to guide appropriate interventions.
E. A team approach is often the most effective for pain management, as it allows for a comprehensive plan that integrates multiple perspectives and disciplines, including nursing, medical, and possibly palliative care professionals, ensuring a holistic approach to managing pain.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. An otoscope is used to examine the ear canal and tympanic membrane, not to assess cranial nerve III. This tool is more relevant for assessing cranial nerve VIII (vestibulocochlear), which is responsible for hearing and balance.
B. A penlight is used to assess CN III (oculomotor) by evaluating the pupil's response to light and the ability to move the eye. This nerve controls most of the eye's movements, including constriction of the pupil in response to light.
C. A cotton ball is used to test the sensory function of cranial nerve V (trigeminal), which is responsible for facial sensation. It is not used for assessing CN III.
D. Lavender or other scents may be used to test CN I (olfactory), responsible for the sense of smell, but it is not related to CN III, which governs eye movements and pupil reactions.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Reaction time is slower in older adults due to changes in the central nervous system and decreased neuronal processing speed, which can impact their overall response to stimuli.
B. Pain sensation is not typically heightened in older adults; rather, they may experience a decreased sensitivity to pain due to changes in the nervous system.
C. Higher basal body temperature is generally not associated with aging; older adults often have a lower baseline temperature.
D. While confusion can occur in older adults, it is not considered a normal age-related change and should be further evaluated for underlying causes rather than being expected.