The nurse assesses a client and finds that a grating sound is present when a joint is bent and straightened. Which term will the nurse use when documenting this finding in the medical record?
Crepitus
Positive joint sounds
Grating and popping
Crackles
The Correct Answer is A
A) Crepitus: This is the correct term to document the grating sound heard when a joint is moved. Crepitus can indicate issues such as the presence of air in the joint, cartilage degeneration, or other pathologies. Using this specific term provides clarity to the medical record and helps other healthcare providers understand the nature of the joint's condition.
B) Positive joint sounds: This phrase is less specific and does not adequately describe the type of sound noted during the assessment. It may also lead to ambiguity, as it lacks the medical precision that crepitus provides.
C) Grating and popping: While this description conveys what the nurse observed, it is not a standardized medical term. Precise documentation is essential in medical records, and using non-standard language can lead to confusion.
D) Crackles: Typically associated with respiratory assessments, crackles refer to sounds heard in the lungs and are not applicable to joint examinations. Therefore, this term would be inappropriate for documenting findings related to joint movement.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
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D) "Mammograms are only indicated if there is a strong family history": This statement is also inaccurate. While family history can increase the risk for breast cancer and may influence screening frequency, all women are encouraged to have regular mammograms starting at age 40, regardless of family history. This guideline aims to catch potential cancers early in all women.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A) Barrel Chest: This term describes a condition where the anterior-posterior (AP) diameter of the chest is equal to the transverse diameter, giving the chest a rounded appearance. This finding is often observed in older adults or individuals with chronic respiratory conditions, and it indicates a potential increase in lung volume and air trapping, commonly seen in conditions like emphysema or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
B) Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: While barrel chest can be associated with COPD, it is not a direct descriptor of the chest shape. COPD encompasses various symptoms and physiological changes but does not specifically define the chest's physical appearance as barrel-shaped.
C) Anterior/Posterior Distortion: This term does not accurately describe the findings observed in the assessment. While it suggests some alteration in chest shape, it does not specifically refer to the characteristic appearance of barrel chest, which is a well-defined clinical term.
D) Lordosis: This refers to an excessive inward curve of the spine, particularly in the lumbar region. While it may affect posture and overall body alignment, it does not relate to the chest shape or measurements, making it an inappropriate choice in this context.