The healthcare provider prescribes a 24-hour urine specimen to be collected for creatinine clearance. The client is eager to go home and tells the nurse that the first sample was put in the urinal 2 hours ago. Which action should the nurse implement?
Start collecting the specimen with the next void.
Begin the collection the next day.
Observe the sample for sediment.
Empty the sample into the 24-hour container.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Starting to collect the specimen with the next void is the correct action. The 24-hour urine collection for creatinine clearance should start with an empty bladder. The first urine of the day is discarded, and the time is noted.
Choice B rationale
Beginning the collection the next day is unnecessary and would delay the process. It is important to start the collection as soon as possible to avoid further delays.
Choice C rationale
Observing the sample for sediment is not relevant to the collection process. The focus should be on starting the collection with the next void.
Choice D rationale
Emptying the sample into the 24-hour container is incorrect because the first urine sample should be discarded to ensure accurate results.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Smoking cessation is the most important lifestyle modification for preventing and managing cardiac disease. Smoking is a major modifiable risk factor that can cause atherosclerosis, hypertension, arrhythmias, thrombosis, and myocardial infarction. Quitting smoking has a more direct effect on improving the function and structure of the blood vessels and heart, significantly reducing the risk of cardiovascular events and mortality.
Choice B rationale
A low-fat diet is a useful lifestyle modification for preventing and managing cardiac disease, but it is not the most important one. While it helps in lowering cholesterol levels and reducing inflammation, smoking cessation has a stronger influence on overall cardiovascular health.
Choice C rationale
Stress reduction is a helpful lifestyle modification for preventing and managing cardiac disease, but it is not the most important one. Although managing stress can improve heart health, smoking cessation has a more immediate and significant impact on reducing cardiovascular risks.
Choice D rationale
Regular exercise is beneficial for preventing and managing cardiac disease, but it is not the most important lifestyle modification. Exercise helps in maintaining a healthy weight, lowering blood pressure, and improving overall cardiovascular health, but smoking cessation has a greater impact on reducing the risk of cardiovascular events.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Ensuring the bevel of the needle is pointing up is crucial for intradermal injections as it allows the medication to be deposited just below the epidermis, forming a small bleb or wheal.
Choice B rationale
The upper arm is not the preferred site for intradermal injections. The inner forearm and upper back are more commonly used as they allow for better visualization of the reaction.
Choice C rationale
Holding the syringe perpendicular to the skin is incorrect for intradermal injections. The correct angle is 5 to 15 degrees to ensure the medication is deposited in the dermis.
Choice D rationale
Massaging the site gently after injection is not recommended for intradermal injections as it can disperse the medication and affect the test results.