The enzyme(s) called ____________ break(s) down the substrate called_________________.
lactose; lactase
lipases; micelles
peptidases; proteins
lactase; glucose
The Correct Answer is C
A. Lactose; lactase: Lactase is the enzyme that breaks down lactose, not the other way around.
B. Lipases; micelles: Lipases break down lipids (fats) into fatty acids and glycerol, not micelles. Micelles are formed as part of the digestion process but are not the substrate for lipases.
C. Peptidases; proteins: Peptidases (or proteases) break down proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids. This is the correct answer.
D. Lactase; glucose: Lactase breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose, not just glucose.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. The renal tubules reabsorb more water. If blood volume and pressure are too high, the body would aim to reduce them, not increase them further. Reabsorbing more water would increase blood volume.
B. The kidneys produce less urine. To lower blood volume and pressure, the kidneys would increase urine production, not decrease it.
C. ADH release is inhibited: ADH (antidiuretic hormone) promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys, leading to increased blood volume and pressure. When blood volume and pressure are too high, the body inhibits ADH release to promote water excretion and lower blood volume and pressure.
D. The renal tubules reabsorb more sodium. Reabsorbing more sodium would lead to water retention, increasing blood volume and pressure, which is the opposite of what the body needs when blood volume and pressure are already high.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Chief cells; hydrochloric acid (HCl); parietal cells: Pepsinogen is produced by chief cells, and it is activated into pepsin by hydrochloric acid (HCl) secreted by parietal cells.
B. Chief cells; carbonic anhydrase (CAH); parietal cells: Chief cells produce pepsinogen, but it is not activated by carbonic anhydrase. Instead, it is activated by HCl.
C. Parietal cells; carbonic anhydrase (CAH); chief cells: Pepsinogen is produced by chief cells, not parietal cells, and its activation involves HCl, not carbonic anhydrase.
D. Parietal cells; hydrochloric acid (HCl); chief cells: Pepsinogen is produced by chief cells, not parietal cells, and is activated by HCl.