The antitubercular drug isoniazid is prescribed for a client with active tuberculosis. To evaluate the effectiveness of this medication, which outcome can the nurse expect this client to exhibit?
Decreased cough and sputum.
A positive sputum smear and culture.
Decreased appetite and weight loss.
Vertigo and tinnitus.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Isoniazid is an antitubercular drug used to treat active tuberculosis. The effectiveness of this medication is evaluated by observing a decrease in symptoms such as cough and sputum production. This indicates that the infection is being controlled and the bacteria are being eradicated.
Choice B rationale
A positive sputum smear and culture would indicate the presence of active tuberculosis bacteria, suggesting that the treatment is not effective. Therefore, this is not an expected outcome of effective treatment.
Choice C rationale
Decreased appetite and weight loss are not indicators of the effectiveness of tuberculosis treatment. In fact, these symptoms could indicate a worsening of the condition or side effects of the medication.
Choice D rationale
Vertigo and tinnitus are not related to the effectiveness of tuberculosis treatment. These symptoms could be side effects of the medication but do not indicate the success of the treatment.
Free Nursing Test Bank
- Free Pharmacology Quiz 1
- Free Medical-Surgical Quiz 2
- Free Fundamentals Quiz 3
- Free Maternal-Newborn Quiz 4
- Free Anatomy and Physiology Quiz 5
- Free Obstetrics and Pediatrics Quiz 6
- Free Fluid and Electrolytes Quiz 7
- Free Community Health Quiz 8
- Free Promoting Health across the Lifespan Quiz 9
- Free Multidimensional Care Quiz 10
View Related questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Respiratory acidosis is characterized by elevated levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood due to impaired ventilation. This accumulation of CO2 leads to a decrease in blood pH, making it more acidic.
Choice B rationale
Hyperventilation leads to a rapid elimination of CO2, which would result in respiratory alkalosis, not acidosis. Therefore, this choice does not support the pathophysiological process of respiratory acidosis.
Choice C rationale
Blood oxygen levels stimulating the respiratory rate is a compensatory mechanism for hypoxemia but does not directly cause respiratory acidosis. This process is more related to respiratory alkalosis.
Choice D rationale
The kidneys do play a role in acid-base balance, but they primarily eliminate acids other than CO2. They do not significantly convert CO2 for elimination, making this choice incorrect.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Autoimmune response is not the correct type of immune reaction for a bee sting. Autoimmune responses involve the body’s immune system attacking its own tissues, which is not the case with bee stings.
Choice B rationale
IgE response hypersensitivity is the correct type of immune reaction for a bee sting. Bee stings can trigger an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction, leading to symptoms such as rash, difficulty breathing, and low blood pressure. This type of reaction is also known as anaphylaxis.
Choice C rationale
Cell-mediated hypersensitivity is not the correct type of immune reaction for a bee sting. Cell-mediated hypersensitivity involves T cells and is typically associated with conditions like contact dermatitis, not bee stings.
Choice D rationale
Type II hypersensitivity is not the correct type of immune reaction for a bee sting. Type II hypersensitivity involves antibody-mediated destruction of cells, which is not the case with bee stings.