Prior to chemical tests for glycosuria, clinicians checked for sweetness of the urine as a sign of
pyelitis
diabetes mellitus
renal calculus
acute glomerulonephritis
The Correct Answer is B
A. Pyelitis is an infection of the renal pelvis and does not cause sweet-smelling urine.
B. Diabetes mellitus often causes glycosuria (glucose in urine), which can make urine taste sweet.
C. Renal calculus (kidney stones) does not affect urine sweetness.
D. Acute glomerulonephritis affects kidney function and urine appearance but does not specifically cause sweet-smelling urine.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. It stimulates angiotensin II secretion: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) does not directly stimulate angiotensin II secretion; instead, it acts on the kidneys to promote water reabsorption.
B. It promotes water conservation: ADH promotes water conservation by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing urine output, and thus helping to maintain fluid balance.
C. It inhibits salivation and thirst: ADH does not inhibit salivation or thirst; in fact, it can increase thirst to encourage fluid intake when dehydration is detected.
D. It stimulates hypothalamic osmoreceptors: While ADH affects hypothalamic osmoreceptors indirectly by promoting water retention, its primary function is to act on the kidneys to conserve water.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. To the lining of the uterine tube: If an embryo attaches to the uterine tube, it results in an ectopic pregnancy, which is not typical or safe.
B. To the myometrium: The myometrium is the muscular layer of the uterus and is not the usual site of embryo attachment.
C. To the perimetrium: The perimetrium is the outermost layer of the uterus and is not involved in embryo implantation. This is incorrect.
D. To the endometrium: The endometrium is the inner lining of the uterus, where the embryo typically implants and attaches. This is the correct answer.