Patients who have diabetes mellitus should have dilated eye exams at which of the following frequencies?
Biannually
Every 5 years
Annually
Every 10 years
The Correct Answer is C
A. Biannually: Biannual exams may not be frequent enough to monitor for diabetic retinopathy or other eye complications associated with diabetes. Annual exams are recommended.
B. Every 5 years: Waiting 5 years between exams is too long, as eye complications from diabetes can develop rapidly.
C. Annually: Annual dilated eye exams are recommended for patients with diabetes mellitus to monitor for diabetic retinopathy and other complications, allowing for early detection and treatment.
D. Every 10 years: A 10-year interval is far too long and could result in the progression of untreated eye disease, which could lead to blindness.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. 9 to 13 g/dL: This range is below the normal hemoglobin values for an adult male and may indicate anemia.
B. 14 to 18 g/dL: This is the normal range for hemoglobin in an adult male, reflecting healthy oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.
C. 19 to 22 g/dL: This range is above the normal values and may indicate polycythemia or other conditions leading to increased red blood cell production.
D. 23 to 26 g/dL: This is a significantly elevated level, which is rare and could indicate severe health conditions or laboratory error.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Yellow: The yellow tube, used for blood cultures, is typically collected first to prevent contamination.
B. Light blue: The light blue tube is used for coagulation studies and should be collected before tubes containing additives that could interfere with coagulation tests.
C. Red: The red tube, which may contain no additives or a clot activator, is usually collected after the light blue tube.
D. Gray: The gray tube is used for glucose testing and should be filled last as it contains additives that could interfere with other tests if collected earlier.