Patients who have diabetes mellitus should have dilated eye exams at which of the following frequencies?
Biannually
Every 5 years
Annually
Every 10 years
The Correct Answer is C
A. Biannually: Biannual exams may not be frequent enough to monitor for diabetic retinopathy or other eye complications associated with diabetes. Annual exams are recommended.
B. Every 5 years: Waiting 5 years between exams is too long, as eye complications from diabetes can develop rapidly.
C. Annually: Annual dilated eye exams are recommended for patients with diabetes mellitus to monitor for diabetic retinopathy and other complications, allowing for early detection and treatment.
D. Every 10 years: A 10-year interval is far too long and could result in the progression of untreated eye disease, which could lead to blindness.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. When cleaning instruments for sterilization: Hand sanitizer is not appropriate for cleaning or sterilizing instruments; proper cleaning and sterilization procedures must be followed.
B. When assisting with a minor office surgery: Hand sanitizer is not recommended for procedures requiring sterile technique; hand washing with soap and water is preferred.
C. When hands are not visibly soiled: Hand sanitizer can be used effectively when hands are not visibly dirty, as it helps reduce microbial load.
D. When transferring urine to a collection tube: Hand sanitizer is not suitable for this task; thorough hand washing is necessary to prevent contamination.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Take the patient's pulse for 5 seconds and multiply by 10: Measuring for 5 seconds and multiplying by 10 is less accurate due to the short measurement time.
B. Take the patient's pulse for 15 seconds and multiply by 2: While this method is more accurate than taking it for 5 seconds, the recommended practice is to measure for 30 seconds for better accuracy.
C. Take the patient's pulse for 30 seconds and multiply by 4: This would be used to determine a pulse rate per minute from a 15-second measurement, not 30 seconds.
D. Take the patient's pulse for 30 seconds and multiply by 2: This method provides a precise measurement of the pulse rate, as taking the pulse for 30 seconds and then multiplying by 2 gives the number of beats per minute.