Which condition is most likely related to diabetic-induced complications?
Autonomic neuropathy.
Diabetic-induced leukocyte depletion.
Diabetic-induced angiopathy.
Overdrive of the RAAS (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system).
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Autonomic neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes and can affect various autonomic functions, including heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion. It is caused by damage to the autonomic nerves due to prolonged high blood sugar levels.
Choice B rationale
Diabetic-induced leukocyte depletion is not a recognized complication of diabetes. Diabetes primarily affects blood vessels and nerves rather than causing leukocyte depletion.
Choice C rationale
Diabetic-induced angiopathy refers to damage to blood vessels caused by diabetes. While it is a recognized complication, autonomic neuropathy is more directly related to diabetic-induced complications.
Choice D rationale
Overdrive of the RAAS (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system) is not a specific complication of diabetes. While diabetes can affect the RAAS, it is not the most likely condition related to diabetic-induced complications.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Administering supplemental oxygen is the priority intervention for a client with COPD who has an oxygen saturation of 88% on room air. This low oxygen saturation indicates hypoxemia, which requires immediate correction to prevent further respiratory distress.
Choice B rationale
Encouraging the client to use an incentive spirometer is important for lung expansion and preventing atelectasis, but it is not the priority intervention in this scenario. The immediate concern is to correct the hypoxemia.
Choice C rationale
Administering a bronchodilator as prescribed is important for managing COPD symptoms, but the priority intervention is to correct the hypoxemia by administering supplemental oxygen.
Choice D rationale
Positioning the client in high Fowler’s position can help improve breathing, but the priority intervention is to correct the hypoxemia by administering supplemental oxygen.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) can lead to pulmonary embolism but does not directly cause chest pain and shortness of breath.
Choice B rationale
Pulmonary embolus (PE) is characterized by chest pain, shortness of breath, and hemoptysis (coughing up blood), especially in patients on bed rest.
Choice C rationale
Anemia can cause fatigue and shortness of breath but not typically chest pain and hemoptysis.
Choice D rationale
Right heart failure can cause shortness of breath and edema but not typically chest pain and hemoptysis.