Which assessment data would indicate to the nurse that pharmacologic treatment with antibiotics and antacids has been effective for the patient diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) secondary to H. pylori?
Absence of burning epigastric pain after eating.
Two episodes of coffee-ground emesis.
A decrease in the patient’s alcohol intake.
Normalization of the patient’s hemoglobin levels.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
The absence of burning epigastric pain after eating indicates that the treatment for peptic ulcer disease (PUD) secondary to H. pylori has been effective. This suggests that the ulcer has healed and the inflammation has subsided.
Choice B rationale
Coffee-ground emesis indicates the presence of blood in the vomit, which suggests ongoing bleeding and is not a sign of effective treatment for PUD.
Choice C rationale
A decrease in alcohol intake is beneficial for overall health but does not directly indicate the effectiveness of treatment for PUD secondary to H. pylori.
Choice D rationale
Normalization of hemoglobin levels is important but does not specifically indicate the effectiveness of treatment for PUD secondary to H. pylori. The primary indicator would be the resolution of symptoms such as burning epigastric pain.
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View Related questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Acute pancreatitis is characterized by severe epigastric pain and elevated levels of amylase and lipase. These enzymes are released into the bloodstream when the pancreas is inflamed, making acute pancreatitis the most likely diagnosis.
Choice B rationale
Acute hematochezia refers to the passage of fresh blood through the anus, usually in or with stools. It is not associated with elevated amylase and lipase levels or severe epigastric pain.
Choice C rationale
Left heart failure can cause symptoms such as shortness of breath and fluid retention, but it does not typically cause elevated amylase and lipase levels or severe epigastric pain.
Choice D rationale
Chronic hepatic failure involves long-term liver damage and may present with jaundice, ascites, and other symptoms. It is not associated with elevated amylase and lipase levels or severe epigastric pain.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Hypercalcemia is characterized by increased calcium levels in the blood, often due to increased absorption of calcium from the gut. However, in chronic kidney disease (CKD), the kidneys’ ability to activate vitamin D is impaired, leading to decreased calcium absorption from the gut, not increased. Therefore, hypercalcemia is not a typical sign of CKD.
Choice B rationale
A positive Chvostek’s sign is indicative of hypocalcemia, which is a common symptom in CKD. The kidneys’ reduced ability to activate vitamin D leads to decreased calcium absorption from the gut, resulting in low calcium levels in the blood. This hypocalcemia can cause neuromuscular irritability, leading to a positive Chvostek’s sign.
Choice C rationale
Tetany is a condition characterized by muscle cramps and spasms, often due to hypocalcemia. In CKD, hypocalcemia occurs due to the kidneys’ inability to activate vitamin D, leading to decreased calcium absorption from the gut. This hypocalcemia can cause hyperexcitability of nerves and muscles, resulting in tetany.
Choice D rationale
Hyperphosphatemia is characterized by high phosphate levels in the blood. In CKD, the kidneys’ ability to excrete phosphate is impaired, leading to its accumulation in the blood. However, this is not directly related to the inability to absorb phosphate from the gut but rather the kidneys’ reduced excretion capacity.