Which assessment data would indicate to the nurse that pharmacologic treatment with antibiotics and antacids has been effective for the patient diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) secondary to H. pylori?
Absence of burning epigastric pain after eating.
Two episodes of coffee-ground emesis.
A decrease in the patient’s alcohol intake.
Normalization of the patient’s hemoglobin levels.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
The absence of burning epigastric pain after eating indicates that the treatment for peptic ulcer disease (PUD) secondary to H. pylori has been effective. This suggests that the ulcer has healed and the inflammation has subsided.
Choice B rationale
Coffee-ground emesis indicates the presence of blood in the vomit, which suggests ongoing bleeding and is not a sign of effective treatment for PUD.
Choice C rationale
A decrease in alcohol intake is beneficial for overall health but does not directly indicate the effectiveness of treatment for PUD secondary to H. pylori.
Choice D rationale
Normalization of hemoglobin levels is important but does not specifically indicate the effectiveness of treatment for PUD secondary to H. pylori. The primary indicator would be the resolution of symptoms such as burning epigastric pain.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Hyperkalemia can cause weakness and fatigue, but it is not directly related to acute coronary syndrome (ACS). ACS is primarily associated with chest pain and other cardiac symptoms.
Choice B rationale
Experiencing chest pain when climbing a flight of stairs may indicate stable angina, which is a form of chronic coronary artery disease. However, it does not meet the criteria for ACS, which involves more severe and persistent symptoms.
Choice C rationale
Persistent and severe chest pain when at rest is a hallmark symptom of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This condition requires immediate medical attention as it can lead to myocardial infarction (heart attack) or other serious complications.
Choice D rationale
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND) is a symptom of heart failure, not acute coronary syndrome (ACS). While heart failure can coexist with ACS, PND alone does not indicate ACS4.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Hypocortisolism, also known as Addison’s disease, is characterized by insufficient production of cortisol by the adrenal glands. It does not typically cause goiter, which is an enlargement of the thyroid gland due to various causes such as iodine deficiency, autoimmune diseases, or nodules.
Choice B rationale
Hyperinsulinemia refers to an excess level of insulin in the blood, often associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. It is not related to the development of goiter.
Choice C rationale
Iodide deficiency is a common cause of goiter. The thyroid gland requires iodine to produce thyroid hormones. When there is a deficiency, the gland enlarges in an attempt to capture more iodine from the bloodstream.
Choice D rationale
Azotemia is an elevation of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine levels, typically due to kidney dysfunction. It is not associated with the development of goiter.