Which assessment data would indicate to the nurse that pharmacologic treatment with antibiotics and antacids has been effective for the patient diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) secondary to H. pylori?
Absence of burning epigastric pain after eating.
Two episodes of coffee-ground emesis.
A decrease in the patient’s alcohol intake.
Normalization of the patient’s hemoglobin levels.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
The absence of burning epigastric pain after eating indicates that the treatment for peptic ulcer disease (PUD) secondary to H. pylori has been effective. This suggests that the ulcer has healed and the inflammation has subsided.
Choice B rationale
Coffee-ground emesis indicates the presence of blood in the vomit, which suggests ongoing bleeding and is not a sign of effective treatment for PUD.
Choice C rationale
A decrease in alcohol intake is beneficial for overall health but does not directly indicate the effectiveness of treatment for PUD secondary to H. pylori.
Choice D rationale
Normalization of hemoglobin levels is important but does not specifically indicate the effectiveness of treatment for PUD secondary to H. pylori. The primary indicator would be the resolution of symptoms such as burning epigastric pain.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A blood pressure reading of 180/120 mmHg or higher is indicative of a hypertensive crisis. This condition requires immediate medical attention to prevent damage to vital organs such as the heart, kidneys, and brain.
Choice B rationale
A heart rate of 90 beats per minute is within the normal range and does not indicate a hypertensive crisis. While it is important to monitor heart rate, it is not a definitive sign of a hypertensive emergency.
Choice C rationale
A respiratory rate of 20 breaths per minute is within the normal range and does not indicate a hypertensive crisis. Respiratory rate alone is not a reliable indicator of hypertensive emergencies.
Choice D rationale
A temperature of 37°C (98.6°F) is normal and does not indicate a hypertensive crisis. Body temperature is not a primary indicator of hypertensive emergencies.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A respiratory rate of 22 breaths per minute is slightly elevated but not necessarily concerning for a client with COPD. COPD patients often have higher respiratory rates due to their chronic lung condition.
Choice B rationale
A temperature of 38°C (100.4°F) indicates a fever, which could be a sign of infection. However, it is not the most concerning finding in a COPD patient.
Choice C rationale
A pulse oximetry reading of 88% is concerning because it indicates hypoxemia. COPD patients often have lower oxygen levels, but a reading below 90% is worrisome and may require supplemental oxygen or other interventions.
Choice D rationale
A blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg is elevated but not immediately concerning in the context of COPD. It is important to monitor, but it is not the most critical finding.