The nurse assesses an older adult client’s ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs). When observing the client ambulate, the nurse notes that the client’s posture is upright, and the gait is smooth and steady. Which action should the nurse take next?
Determine the client’s activity tolerance.
Teach the client to shorten the stride to prevent falls.
Initiate a fall risk protocol for the client.
Record the client’s ability to perform ADLs safely.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Determining the client’s activity tolerance is important but should follow the initial assessment of the client’s ability to perform ADLs safely.
Choice B rationale
Teaching the client to shorten the stride to prevent falls is not necessary if the client’s gait is smooth and steady. This intervention is more appropriate for clients with gait instability.
Choice C rationale
Initiating a fall risk protocol for the client is not necessary if the client’s gait is smooth and steady. This protocol is more appropriate for clients with a higher risk of falls.
Choice D rationale
Recording the client’s ability to perform ADLs safely is the next appropriate action. This documentation is essential for the care plan and ensures that the client’s current status is accurately reflected.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The client is dehydrated. Dehydration typically results in concentrated, dark yellow urine. Clear, yellow urine indicates that the client is well-hydrated and not dehydrated. Dehydration would cause the urine to be more concentrated and darker in color due to the reduced volume of water in the body.
Choice B rationale
The client has a urinary tract infection. A urinary tract infection (UTI) often causes urine to appear cloudy, foul-smelling, or tinged with blood. Clear, yellow urine is not indicative of a UTI. UTIs are usually associated with symptoms such as pain or burning during urination, frequent urination, and cloudy or bloody urine.
Choice C rationale
The client has normal urine output. Clear, yellow urine is a sign of normal urine output and indicates that the client is well-hydrated. Normal urine color ranges from pale yellow to amber, depending on the concentration of the urine. Clear, yellow urine suggests that the client is drinking an adequate amount of water and maintaining proper hydration.
Choice D rationale
The client has kidney stones. Kidney stones can cause urine to appear cloudy, pink, red, or brown due to the presence of blood. Clear, yellow urine is not indicative of kidney stones. Symptoms of kidney stones include severe pain in the back or side, blood in the urine, and frequent urination. Clear, yellow urine suggests that the client does not have kidney stones.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Removing dentures or other oral appliances may help prevent airway obstruction but is not the most critical intervention for a client with severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
Choice B rationale
Elevating the head of the bed to a 45-degree angle can help improve airway patency but is not as effective as applying the positive airway pressure device.
Choice C rationale
Applying the client’s positive airway pressure device (CPAP or BiPAP) is the most important intervention to maintain airway patency and prevent respiratory compromise in a client with severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
Choice D rationale
Putting and locking the side rails in place is important for safety but does not directly address the airway management needs of a client with severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).