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The client attempts to self-administer insulin but is unable to perform the injection. The nurse is caring for a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus who had surgery for a large bowel resection with a colostomy placement. The client has now developed hyperglycemia which requires self-injections of insulin after discharge. When designing the postoperative plan of care, which outcome statement should the nurse use?

The client will adhere to the medication regimen after discharge.

The client’s breath sounds will be auscultated by the nurse every 4 hours.

The client will demonstrate the ability to change the ostomy bag in two days.

The client will be able to self-administer insulin injections before discharge.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

Adhering to the medication regimen is important, but it does not specifically address the client’s ability to self-administer insulin, which is crucial for managing hyperglycemia post- discharge.

Choice B rationale

Auscultating breath sounds every 4 hours is important for monitoring respiratory status but does not address the client’s need to manage their diabetes through self-injection of insulin.

Choice C rationale

Demonstrating the ability to change the ostomy bag is important for postoperative care but does not address the specific need for managing hyperglycemia through insulin self- administration.

Choice D rationale

Ensuring the client can self-administer insulin injections before discharge is crucial for managing their hyperglycemia and maintaining their health post-discharge.

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A. Positive external places. B. Tranquil sounds. C. Emotional reflection. D. Motivational phrases.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Positive external places are often used in guided imagery to help clients focus on pleasant and calming environments. This technique can help distract from pain and promote relaxation by engaging the mind in a soothing and peaceful visualization.

Choice B rationale

Tranquil sounds can also be beneficial in relaxation techniques, but they are not the primary focus in guided imagery for chronic pain. Guided imagery typically involves visualizing a serene place rather than focusing solely on sounds.

Choice C rationale

Emotional reflection may not be as effective in reducing chronic pain through guided imagery. This technique is more about visualizing positive and calming environments rather than reflecting on emotions.

Choice D rationale

Motivational phrases are useful in other therapeutic techniques but are not the primary focus in guided imagery for chronic pain. Guided imagery focuses more on visualizing serene and peaceful places.

A. Smoking cessation. B. Low-fat diet. C. Stress reduction. D. Regular exercise.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Smoking cessation is the most important lifestyle modification for preventing and managing cardiac disease. Smoking is a major modifiable risk factor that can cause atherosclerosis, hypertension, arrhythmias, thrombosis, and myocardial infarction. Quitting smoking has a more direct effect on improving the function and structure of the blood vessels and heart, significantly reducing the risk of cardiovascular events and mortality.

Choice B rationale

A low-fat diet is a useful lifestyle modification for preventing and managing cardiac disease, but it is not the most important one. While it helps in lowering cholesterol levels and reducing inflammation, smoking cessation has a stronger influence on overall cardiovascular health.

Choice C rationale

Stress reduction is a helpful lifestyle modification for preventing and managing cardiac disease, but it is not the most important one. Although managing stress can improve heart health, smoking cessation has a more immediate and significant impact on reducing cardiovascular risks.

Choice D rationale

Regular exercise is beneficial for preventing and managing cardiac disease, but it is not the most important lifestyle modification. Exercise helps in maintaining a healthy weight, lowering blood pressure, and improving overall cardiovascular health, but smoking cessation has a greater impact on reducing the risk of cardiovascular events.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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The nurse is using guided imagery with a client who is experiencing chronic pain. The nurse should direct the client’s attention on which focus?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client with a family history of cardiac disease is seeking information to control risk factors. Which lifestyle modification is most important for the nurse to encourage?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is reviewing the admission assessment of a client with chronic pain. What intervention(s) should the nurse include in the client’s plan of care? Select all that apply.

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