A nurse is reviewing safety measures with a group of parents to prevent burn injuries for toddlers. Which of the following safety measures should the nurse include in the teaching?
Keep electrical wires hidden from view.
Encourage outdoor activities between the hours of 1100 and 1300.
Set the water heater to 60°C (140°F).
Turn pot handles toward the front of the stove.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Keeping electrical wires hidden from view is essential to prevent toddlers from pulling on them, which can lead to electrical burns or other injuries. It is a proactive measure to ensure a safe environment for children who are naturally curious and prone to exploring with their hands.
Choice B rationale
Encouraging outdoor activities between the hours of 1100 and 1300 can expose toddlers to the sun’s peak intensity, increasing the risk of sunburn. It is safer to encourage outdoor activities outside these hours when the sun is less intense.
Choice C rationale
Setting the water heater to 60°C (140°F) is too high and poses a scalding risk. The recommended temperature to prevent burns is 49°C (120°F), which is hot enough for household use but not so hot as to cause immediate burns upon contact.
Choice D rationale
Turning pot handles toward the front of the stove is dangerous as it increases the risk of toddlers reaching up and pulling hot contents onto themselves. The correct practice is to turn pot handles toward the back of the stove to keep them out of reach of children.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The presence of the Doll’s eye reflex (oculocephalic reflex) beyond the newborn period is abnormal and should be reported. This reflex should disappear by 2-3 months of age. Its persistence may indicate neurological issues.
Choice B rationale
No head lag when pulled to a sitting position is a normal finding in a 4-month-old infant. By this age, infants typically have developed enough neck muscle strength to hold their head steady.
Choice C rationale
The presence of tears when crying is a normal finding in a 4-month-old infant. Tear production usually begins around 2-3 months of age.
Choice D rationale
A positive Babinski reflex is normal in infants up to 2 years old. It is an expected finding and does not require notification to the provider.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Holding the child during assessments may cause distress and is not recommended for children with autism spectrum disorder.
Choice B rationale
Establishing a reward system is an effective intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder as it reinforces positive behaviors.
Choice C rationale
Maintaining extended eye contact can be uncomfortable for children with autism and is not recommended.
Choice D rationale
Engaging in cooperative play may be challenging for children with autism, and structured activities are often more beneficial.