A nurse is reviewing safety measures with a group of parents to prevent burn injuries for toddlers. Which of the following safety measures should the nurse include in the teaching?
Keep electrical wires hidden from view.
Encourage outdoor activities between the hours of 1100 and 1300.
Set the water heater to 60°C (140°F).
Turn pot handles toward the front of the stove.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Keeping electrical wires hidden from view is essential to prevent toddlers from pulling on them, which can lead to electrical burns or other injuries. It is a proactive measure to ensure a safe environment for children who are naturally curious and prone to exploring with their hands.
Choice B rationale
Encouraging outdoor activities between the hours of 1100 and 1300 can expose toddlers to the sun’s peak intensity, increasing the risk of sunburn. It is safer to encourage outdoor activities outside these hours when the sun is less intense.
Choice C rationale
Setting the water heater to 60°C (140°F) is too high and poses a scalding risk. The recommended temperature to prevent burns is 49°C (120°F), which is hot enough for household use but not so hot as to cause immediate burns upon contact.
Choice D rationale
Turning pot handles toward the front of the stove is dangerous as it increases the risk of toddlers reaching up and pulling hot contents onto themselves. The correct practice is to turn pot handles toward the back of the stove to keep them out of reach of children.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Applying a cool pack to the heel prior to the procedure is not recommended as it can constrict blood vessels and make it more difficult to obtain a blood sample.
Choice B rationale
Puncturing the outer aspect of the heel is the correct technique for collecting a capillary blood specimen from an infant. This area has fewer nerve endings and is less likely to cause pain or injury.
Choice C rationale
Using a surgical blade to obtain the specimen is not appropriate for a capillary blood draw. A lancet should be used instead to make a small puncture in the skin.
Choice D rationale
Wiping the site with alcohol after the puncture is not recommended as it can cause irritation and discomfort. The site should be cleaned with alcohol before the puncture and then covered with a sterile gauze pad after the procedure.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Asking the child’s parent to leave the room during the procedure may increase the child’s anxiety and make the procedure more traumatic. Parental presence can provide comfort and reduce anxiety.
Choice B rationale
Performing the procedure in the unit’s playroom may not provide the necessary equipment and sterile environment required for a venipuncture. It is important to perform the procedure in a controlled and sterile environment.
Choice C rationale
Explaining the procedure in detail to the child 3 hours prior to the procedure may increase anxiety and anticipation, making the procedure more traumatic. It is better to explain the procedure closer to the time of the procedure.
Choice D rationale
Applying a topical anesthetic cream 1 hour prior to the procedure helps reduce pain and discomfort during the venipuncture, promoting atraumatic care. This approach minimizes the child’s pain and anxiety.