A nurse is assessing a 7-year-old child who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of hypoglycemia?
Increased capillary refill.
Decreased appetite.
Thirst.
Shakiness.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Increased capillary refill time is not typically associated with hypoglycemia. It may indicate poor peripheral circulation but is not a common sign of low blood sugar levels.
Choice B rationale
Decreased appetite is not typically associated with hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia usually causes symptoms such as shakiness, sweating, and confusion.
Choice C rationale
Thirst is not typically associated with hypoglycemia. It is more commonly a symptom of hyperglycemia (high blood sugar levels).
Choice D rationale
Shakiness or tremors are common signs of hypoglycemia. When blood sugar levels drop, the body responds by releasing adrenaline, which can cause shakiness.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Toddlers are typically more emotionally labile, meaning they experience rapid and intense emotional changes. This is a normal part of their development as they learn to navigate their emotions.
Choice B rationale
Frequent negative responses, such as saying “no” often, are common in toddlers. This behavior is part of their development as they assert their independence and test boundaries.
Choice C rationale
Toddlers are generally more resistant to routines as they seek to assert their independence and explore their environment. They may resist following set routines as a way of expressing their autonomy.
Choice D rationale
Increased dependency is not typical toddler behavior. Toddlers are usually striving for more independence and autonomy, even though they still rely on caregivers for support.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Disposable diapers are not typically sources of healthcare-associated infections if used appropriately. They are designed for single use and are disposed of after use, minimizing the risk of infection.
Choice B rationale
Protective plastic gowns are not typically sources of healthcare-associated infections if used appropriately. They are designed to protect healthcare workers and patients from the spread of infections and are disposed of after use.
Choice C rationale
Unopened bottles of formula are not typically sources of healthcare-associated infections. They are sealed and sterile until opened, reducing the risk of contamination.
Choice D rationale
Bedside computer keyboards can harbor pathogens and serve as fomites for transmitting infections. They are frequently touched by healthcare workers and can become contaminated with pathogens, making them a common source of healthcare-associated infections.