A nurse is assessing a 7-year-old child who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of hypoglycemia?
Increased capillary refill.
Decreased appetite.
Thirst.
Shakiness.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Increased capillary refill time is not typically associated with hypoglycemia. It may indicate poor peripheral circulation but is not a common sign of low blood sugar levels.
Choice B rationale
Decreased appetite is not typically associated with hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia usually causes symptoms such as shakiness, sweating, and confusion.
Choice C rationale
Thirst is not typically associated with hypoglycemia. It is more commonly a symptom of hyperglycemia (high blood sugar levels).
Choice D rationale
Shakiness or tremors are common signs of hypoglycemia. When blood sugar levels drop, the body responds by releasing adrenaline, which can cause shakiness.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The inactivated polio virus (IPV) vaccine is typically administered at 2 months, 4 months, and 6-18 months of age, not at 12 months.
Choice B rationale
The hepatitis B vaccine is given at birth, 1-2 months, and 6-18 months of age.
Choice C rationale
The varicella (chickenpox) vaccine is recommended to be given at 12-15 months of age for the first dose.
Choice D rationale
The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is recommended for preteens aged 11-12 years, not for infants.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Engaging in parallel play is a normal developmental behavior for an 18-month-old toddler. It indicates that the child is beginning to interact with peers, even if they are not yet playing cooperatively.
Choice B rationale
Walking with assistance at 18 months may indicate a potential developmental delay. By this age, most toddlers should be able to walk independently. If a child is still requiring assistance, it may warrant further evaluation.
Choice C rationale
Speaking at least 10 words is within the expected developmental range for an 18-month-old. This milestone indicates that the child is developing language skills appropriately.
Choice D rationale
Building a tower of 3 blocks is a typical developmental milestone for an 18-month-old. It demonstrates fine motor skills and cognitive development.