John Snow investigated death rates due to the cholera epidemic; and found it was the pump that delivered the water that was contaminated. Cholera is considered to be which type of hazard?
Physical
Biologic
Chemical
Psychosocial
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. Physical hazards involve environmental factors that cause physical harm, such as unsafe structures or hazardous materials, but cholera is not classified under this.
B. Biologic hazards are related to living organisms or their byproducts, such as bacteria or viruses. Cholera, caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, is a biological hazard.
C. Chemical hazards involve substances that can cause harm through chemical reactions or toxicity, which does not apply to cholera.
D. Psychosocial hazards relate to mental and social factors impacting health, not applicable to the cholera epidemic.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Improving ventilation and increasing cleaning frequency addresses the environment component by altering the physical setting to reduce pathogen exposure and control infection spread.
B. Administering a vaccination targets the host component by enhancing immunity to prevent infection.
C. Providing antimicrobial medication addresses the agent component by treating an existing infection.
D. Educating on hand hygiene is an important intervention but primarily affects the host-agent interaction rather than the environment.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Offering spiritual counseling and emotional support aligns with the parish nurse's role in providing holistic care that integrates physical, emotional, and spiritual support within the faith community.
B. Conducting health screenings and providing immunizations are more aligned with public health nurses or community health nurses rather than parish nurses.
C. Administering medications and performing advanced medical procedures fall outside the typical scope of parish nursing, which focuses more on support and counseling rather than clinical procedures.
D. Developing public health policy is beyond the individual role of a parish nurse and is typically handled by public health officials and policymakers.