In which position would the nurse place a 20 year old adult with asthma who is short of breath?
Supine
Trendelenberg
High-Fowler
Semi-Fowler
Left-lateral
The Correct Answer is C
A. Supine is not recommended, as it can make breathing more difficult by limiting chest expansion.
B. Trendelenberg is not suitable for someone with breathing difficulties, as this position can worsen dyspnea.
C. High-Fowler is the best position for an asthma patient experiencing shortness of breath as it promotes lung expansion and allows for maximum chest wall movement.
D. Semi-Fowler may help but is less effective than High-Fowler in cases of acute respiratory distress.
E. Left-lateral does not optimize chest expansion and is not typically recommended for respiratory distress.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. While posterior to anterior comparisons are used, they do not encompass the entire technique for auscultation.
B. Side-to-side comparison is the correct method as it allows for immediate assessment of differences between lung fields and helps to identify abnormal sounds effectively.
C. Interspace-by-interspace comparison is not a commonly recognized term for this method and can lead to confusion in technique.
D. Proximal to distal comparison is not specific to lung auscultation and does not effectively apply to lung assessment.
E. Top-to-bottom comparison may miss abnormalities in a specific region of the lungs; side-to-side is preferred.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Venous insufficiency typically presents with swelling and pain that worsens with prolonged standing, not with exercise.
B. Claudication is the correct term, as it describes pain due to decreased blood flow to the muscles during exercise, often relieved by rest, which matches the patient's symptoms.
C. Muscle cramps may cause pain but are usually not consistently triggered by activity and relieved by rest.
D. Deep vein thrombosis would typically present with pain, swelling, warmth, and redness rather than exercise-induced pain relieved by rest.
E. Bruit from turbulent blood flow is an audible sound over an artery and not directly related to the type of pain described.