In which of the following scenarios is a patient being educated on communicable disease prevention?
An adult patient is watching a demonstration on the proper use of a meter-dose inhaler.
An adult patient is being shown how to safely lift a heavy object.
An older adult patient is listening to an explanation of risks and benefits of the flu vaccine.
A school-age patient is being taught about cough etiquette.
The Correct Answer is D
A. An adult patient is watching a demonstration on the proper use of a meter-dose inhaler: This is related to managing a respiratory condition, not directly to communicable disease prevention.
B. An adult patient is being shown how to safely lift a heavy object: This pertains to body mechanics and injury prevention, not communicable disease prevention.
C. An older adult patient is listening to an explanation of risks and benefits of the flu vaccine: Although the flu vaccine helps prevent disease, the specific focus is not directly on communicable disease prevention strategies.
D. A school-age patient is being taught about cough etiquette: Teaching cough etiquette is a direct method of preventing the spread of communicable diseases.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Wipe away the first five drops of blood after puncturing: Only the first drop of blood should be wiped away to remove any tissue fluid, not the first five drops.
B. Apply even pressure to the finger during the collection: Applying even pressure helps to promote blood flow without causing hemolysis or excessive squeezing, which could affect test results.
C. Puncture the index finger at the tip: The recommended site for a capillary puncture is the side of the middle or ring finger, not the tip of the index finger.
D. Puncture parallel to the fingerprint: The puncture should be made perpendicular to the fingerprint ridges to ensure an adequate blood flow and reduce the risk of blood running along the ridges.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Tape measure: A tape measure is necessary to measure the head circumference of infants, which is a routine part of a well-child visit to monitor growth and development.
B. Glucometer: A glucometer is used to measure blood glucose levels and is not routinely required for a well-child visit unless the child has a specific condition like diabetes.
C. Tuning fork: A tuning fork is used to assess hearing, typically in older children or adults, and is not routinely required for a well-child visit for a 1-year-old.
D. Bulb syringe: A bulb syringe may be used for suctioning an infant's nose or mouth, but it is not a standard tool needed for a well-child visit unless there is a specific need.