In discussing the safe use of drugs in the institutional setting, what duty is performed by the nurse? (Select all that apply.)
administering drugs
monitoring clients for drug effects
prescribing drugs
evaluating clients for toxic effects
educating clients/caregivers about drugs
Correct Answer : A,B,D,E
A. Administering drugs is a fundamental duty of the nurse, ensuring that medications are given safely and according to protocols.
B. Monitoring clients for drug effects is crucial for assessing the effectiveness of medications and identifying any adverse reactions or complications.
C. Prescribing drugs is not a duty performed by nurses, as this responsibility typically falls under the purview of licensed practitioners such as physicians or nurse practitioners.
D. Evaluating clients for toxic effects is part of the nurse's responsibility to ensure patient safety and to respond to any signs of medication toxicity.
E. Educating clients/caregivers about drugs is a vital role for nurses, as it helps patients understand their medications and the importance of adherence to prescribed regimens.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Changing positions slowly is critical for older adults taking beta-adrenergic blockers and diuretics to prevent orthostatic hypotension, which can lead to lightheadedness or dizziness.
B. Reducing fluid intake is not advisable, as thiazide diuretics can lead to dehydration, and maintaining adequate fluid intake is essential for overall health and to avoid excessive urinary output.
C. Identifying and eliminating high-potassium foods is unnecessary unless there is a specific indication of hyperkalemia, particularly since thiazide diuretics do not typically cause potassium retention, and beta-blockers are not potassium-specific.
D. Expecting blood pressure to increase before it decreases is misleading; clients should see a gradual reduction in blood pressure with proper medication adherence, and any sudden increases should be reported.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Reye syndrome is correct because administering aspirin to children, especially during viral illnesses like the flu, can lead to this serious and potentially fatal condition characterized by acute encephalopathy and liver failure.
B. Excess antiplatelet action is incorrect; while aspirin does have antiplatelet effects, this is not the primary concern in a child with a viral illness.
C. Asthma is incorrect; while some individuals with asthma may have sensitivity to aspirin, it is not specifically related to the child's flulike illness.
D. Salicylate poisoning is incorrect; while high doses of aspirin can lead to toxicity, the immediate risk in the context of flu-like illness is Reye syndrome, which is a more specific concern.