In discussing the safe use of drugs in the institutional setting, what duty is performed by the nurse? (Select all that apply.)
administering drugs
monitoring clients for drug effects
prescribing drugs
evaluating clients for toxic effects
educating clients/caregivers about drugs
Correct Answer : A,B,D,E
A. Administering drugs is a fundamental duty of the nurse, ensuring that medications are given safely and according to protocols.
B. Monitoring clients for drug effects is crucial for assessing the effectiveness of medications and identifying any adverse reactions or complications.
C. Prescribing drugs is not a duty performed by nurses, as this responsibility typically falls under the purview of licensed practitioners such as physicians or nurse practitioners.
D. Evaluating clients for toxic effects is part of the nurse's responsibility to ensure patient safety and to respond to any signs of medication toxicity.
E. Educating clients/caregivers about drugs is a vital role for nurses, as it helps patients understand their medications and the importance of adherence to prescribed regimens.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. By directly relaxing vascular smooth muscle is not how lisinopril primarily works; it does not act directly on smooth muscle but rather affects hormonal pathways.
B. By blocking aldosterone from binding to mineralocorticoid receptors is a secondary effect of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors but not the primary action of lisinopril itself.
C. By blocking the movement of calcium ions into arterial smooth muscles describes the action of calcium channel blockers, not ACE inhibitors like lisinopril.
D. By inhibiting the transformation of angiotensin I to angiotensin II is the correct answer because lisinopril inhibits the ACE enzyme, reducing the production of angiotensin II, which lowers blood pressure and decreases strain on the heart.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Pseudoephedrine is a decongestant that can raise blood pressure and cause increased heart rate, so it is essential to assess the patient’s history of hypertension before starting this medication.
B. While a dry cough may be relevant for other medications, it is not a primary concern when assessing for the use of pseudoephedrine.
C. Recent use of antibiotics is not directly related to the safety of using pseudoephedrine and is not a typical concern.
D. A history of seizures is not a specific contraindication for using pseudoephedrine, although it may warrant caution in some cases.