Identify the 6 rights of medication administration.
The right patient
The right MAR
The right route
The right expiration date
The right health care provider
The right dose
The right documentation
The right conversion factor
The right medication
The right time
Correct Answer : A,C,F,G,I,J
A. The right patient: Identifying the correct patient is crucial to prevent medication errors. This typically involves using at least two identifiers, such as the patient's name and date of birth, to ensure the right person receives the medication.
B. The right MAR: While the Medication Administration Record (MAR) is essential for tracking medication administration, it is not classified as one of the six rights.
C. The right route: Administering medication via the appropriate route (e.g., oral, intravenous) is vital for the drug's effectiveness. Different routes can affect absorption and efficacy, making this a key component of safe medication administration.
D. The right expiration date: Although checking the expiration date is important for safety, it is not part of the core six rights of medication administration.
E. The right health care provider: While appropriate prescribing is important, this does not fall under the six rights of medication administration.
F. The right dose: Confirming the correct dose is essential to avoid potential toxicity or ineffective treatment. Dosage calculations must be precise, considering the patient's age, weight, and clinical condition.
G. The right documentation: Accurate documentation of medication administration is crucial for continuity of care. It helps ensure that all healthcare providers are informed of what medications have been given, thereby preventing duplicate doses or missed medications.
H. The right conversion factor: While conversions may be necessary for dosing, this is not considered one of the six rights.
I. The right medication: Verifying the correct medication is fundamental to patient safety. This involves checking the medication label against the MAR to prevent administering the wrong drug, which could have serious consequences.
J. The right time: Administering medications at the correct scheduled times is essential for maintaining therapeutic drug levels in the body. Timely administration helps ensure that the medication works effectively and enhances patient adherence to their treatment plan.
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Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]
Explanation
A) Notify the health care provider: It is essential to inform the healthcare provider if a
patient refuses a medication. This allows for a reassessment of the patient's treatment plan and ensures that any necessary follow-up or adjustments can be made based on the patient's refusal.
B) Determine the reason for refusal: Understanding why a patient refuses medication is crucial. It may be due to side effects, lack of understanding, personal beliefs, or concerns about the medication. Gathering this information can help the nurse address the patient’s concerns and educate them appropriately.
C) Administer the dose when the next dose is due: Administering a medication that the patient has refused would violate their rights and could be considered coercive. The patient has the right to refuse treatment, and the nurse should respect that decision rather than attempt to administer it later without consent.
D) Document the reason for refusal in the patient's health record: Accurate documentation is vital in healthcare. Recording the patient's refusal and the reason for it in their health record ensures continuity of care and provides information for other healthcare team members regarding the patient's preferences and concerns.
E) Mix it in a small amount of their food: This action is inappropriate and unethical. Coercively administering medication without the patient's consent undermines their autonomy and trust in the healthcare system. The nurse should always respect the patient’s right to refuse medication.
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]
Explanation
A. By looking at the MAR: The Medication Administration Record (MAR) is primarily for documenting medications administered, and while it may note some allergies, it is not a comprehensive source for a patient's allergy history.
B. By asking the patient: Directly inquiring about a patient's allergies is one of the most effective methods to gather accurate and specific information. Patients can detail their allergies to medications, foods, and other substances, which might not be documented elsewhere.
C. By looking at the patient's allergy bracelet: An allergy bracelet provides immediate visual identification of known allergies. It serves as an important safety mechanism for healthcare providers to avoid administering any allergens.
D. By looking at the front of the chart or in the patient's electronic health record (EHR): This is a reliable way to find documented allergies. The front of the chart or the EHR often contains essential information about a patient's allergies, which helps inform safe medication administration and treatment planning.
E. By administering a dose and monitoring the patient's response: This method is unsafe and inappropriate. Administering a medication without prior knowledge of allergies could lead to serious and potentially life-threatening reactions. It is critical to know allergy history before any medication administration