How can a nurse best assess a patient's dietary habits effect on their overall health?
Obtain a height and weight and calculate a body mass index (BMI)
Review all medications the patient is taking
Ask about how much food is eaten at an average meal
Assess for the presence of any chronic disease processes
The Correct Answer is A
A) Obtain a height and weight and calculate a body mass index (BMI): Calculating BMI provides a valuable assessment of a patient’s body composition and overall health related to dietary habits. BMI is a widely used indicator that helps categorize individuals into underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese categories. Understanding where a patient falls within these categories can highlight the potential impact of dietary habits on health and guide further dietary interventions or education.
B) Review all medications the patient is taking: While reviewing medications is important, it primarily focuses on pharmacological management rather than directly assessing dietary habits. Some medications may have dietary restrictions or require specific nutrient intake, but this does not provide a comprehensive view of the patient's overall dietary habits and their effects on health.
C) Ask about how much food is eaten at an average meal: While inquiring about portion sizes is relevant, it does not give a full picture of dietary habits, including food variety, nutrient quality, and frequency of meals or snacks. A single question about average meal size may overlook other critical aspects of the patient’s eating patterns and nutritional intake.
D) Assess for the presence of any chronic disease processes: Evaluating chronic diseases is crucial for understanding health implications, but it does not directly assess dietary habits. Chronic conditions can be influenced by diet, but the assessment of dietary habits requires a more direct inquiry into nutritional intake and lifestyle choices rather than focusing solely on disease presence.
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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]
Explanation
A) Blood pressure 150/90: This data is objective because it is a measurable value obtained through direct observation using a sphygmomanometer. It provides a quantifiable assessment of the client's cardiovascular status and can be verified by others, making it an important piece of objective data.
B) Bowel sounds present in all 4 quadrants: The assessment of bowel sounds is objective as it involves physical examination techniques that can be observed and documented by the nurse. The presence of bowel sounds indicates gastrointestinal activity, and this finding can be consistently assessed across different healthcare providers.
C) PERRLA: The abbreviation stands for "Pupils Equal, Round, Reactive to Light and Accommodation." This assessment is objective as it involves specific, observable measurements of the client's pupils during an eye examination. It can be consistently evaluated by different healthcare professionals, ensuring reliable documentation.
D) Anxious about surgical procedure: This statement is subjective as it reflects the client's personal feelings and emotional state. While important for understanding the client's experience, it cannot be measured or observed directly by the nurse and relies on the client's self-reporting.
E) Dyspnea on exertion: While dyspnea can be observed, the phrase "on exertion" refers to the client's subjective experience of breathlessness. Although it can be assessed through observation of respiratory patterns, the experience itself is based on the client's interpretation, making it subjective data.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) Low self-esteem: While low self-esteem can develop as a result of limitations in physical abilities, it is not the most immediate concern in this scenario. Addressing the patient's functional capabilities and safety takes precedence.
B) His complaints of numbness in his hands: Numbness is a significant symptom of carpal tunnel syndrome, but the immediate priority is to ensure the patient can safely perform tasks. While it is important to address his symptoms, managing the risk associated with his condition is more critical.
C) Risk for injury: This is the most pressing concern for the patient. Given his difficulty holding tools, there is a heightened risk of accidents or injuries while working. Prioritizing safety measures is essential to prevent harm and ensure he can continue his work safely.
D) Persistent pain: While pain management is important, the focus should be on the immediate risk of injury related to the patient's inability to hold tools securely. Addressing safety concerns takes precedence over managing pain at this point.