During the initial interview of a patient, the nurse should: (Select all that apply.)
assess the language capabilities of the patient.
limit the interview to approximately 30 minutes.
assess comprehension abilities of the patient.
make the patient as comfortable as possible.
use open-ended questions.
obtain the patient's medical history from the primary care provider.
Correct Answer : A,C,D,E
A. Assess the language capabilities of the patient. Understanding the patient’s language capabilities is essential for effective communication and ensuring that the patient can understand the questions being asked.
B. Limit the interview to approximately 30 minutes. While it’s important to manage time, the interview should be flexible based on the patient’s needs and the complexity of the issues being discussed. Rigidly limiting the time could hinder the quality of the assessment.
C. Assess comprehension abilities of the patient. Assessing comprehension helps the nurse determine whether the patient understands the information being provided and can respond appropriately during the interview.
D. Make the patient as comfortable as possible. Creating a comfortable environment is crucial in fostering open communication and trust, which can lead to a more effective interview process.
E. Use open-ended questions. Open-ended questions encourage the patient to provide more detailed responses and express their feelings or concerns, facilitating a better understanding of their situation.
F. Obtain the patient's medical history from the primary care provider. Although obtaining a comprehensive medical history is important, the initial interview should primarily focus on gathering information directly from the patient, as they can provide valuable insights about their experiences, concerns, and context that might not be captured in previous records.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Actions of the nurse are appropriate since his neighbor is his confidante, and the neighbor has assured him the information provided will not be shared. Confidentiality must be maintained regardless of assurances from others; sharing patient information outside a professional context is a violation of privacy.
B. Nurse has not violated the confidentiality of the patient because the patient is terminal; sharing this information will not harm the patient. Confidentiality must be maintained regardless of the patient's condition. Privacy and confidentiality are ethical requirements for all patients, terminal or otherwise.
C. Nurse is actively promoting nursing as a profession, and it is important to share information that might encourage others to pursue a nursing career. While promoting the profession is valuable, using a patient’s personal information is inappropriate and unprofessional. There are ethical ways to promote nursing without breaching confidentiality.
D. Nurse has violated the confidentiality of the patient by discussing personal information about the patient with his neighbor. Sharing patient information with someone who is not involved in the patient’s care violates HIPAA and confidentiality standards. This action is unprofessional and unethical.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Use unfamiliar language.
Unfamiliar language can confuse or intimidate young children, making it harder for them to understand and communicate effectively.
B. Use abstract explanations. Preschoolers are concrete thinkers and may not grasp abstract ideas, so explanations should be simple and direct.
C. Use long, complex sentences. Long, complex sentences may overwhelm a preschooler, who benefits more from short and clear sentences.
D. Consider the developmental level, using familiar words.
This approach is ideal as it aligns with the child’s cognitive abilities, helping the child feel comfortable and understand the nurse’s communication.