During preconception counseling, the nurse explains that during the first 8 weeks the fetus is most vulnerable to the effects of teratogens.
What is occurring during the first 8 weeks of gestation?
Placenta formation.
Fertilization.
Organogenesis.
Implantation.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Placenta formation begins shortly after implantation, but it continues to develop throughout the first trimester and into the early second trimester, making it less precise to attribute the
first 8 weeks solely to this process.
Choice B rationale
Fertilization occurs within the first week after ovulation, marking the beginning of pregnancy, but it is a singular event that happens prior to the developmental processes vulnerable to teratogens.
Choice C rationale
Organogenesis is the critical period during which the major organs and structures of the fetus form, typically occurring between the third and eighth weeks of gestation. This is the
time when the fetus is most susceptible to the effects of teratogens, which can cause congenital anomalies.
Choice D rationale
Implantation occurs approximately 6-10 days after fertilization, embedding the blastocyst into the uterine lining. While crucial, it is not the primary period when teratogenic effects are
most significant, as this happens during organogenesis.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Acknowledging the client’s feelings provides emotional support and validates her experience. This response opens the door for further discussion and support, which is crucial for emotional well-being.
Choice B rationale
Suggesting future possibilities does not address the client's current emotional state. It may come across as dismissive of her feelings and does not offer the immediate support she needs.
Choice C rationale
While emphasizing the health of the baby is positive, it can also be perceived as dismissive of the client's feelings and her disappointment about the birth experience.
Choice D rationale
Mentioning the resumption of sexual relations shifts the focus away from her emotional needs and can be inappropriate or insensitive in this context, failing to address her disappointment.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Phototherapy is a treatment for jaundice but is not a preventive measure. It is used after jaundice has been identified to reduce bilirubin levels in the newborn.
Choice B rationale
Suctioning excess mucus with a bulb syringe helps clear the newborn’s airways but does not have a direct role in preventing jaundice. Jaundice is related to bilirubin metabolism, not
mucus accumulation.
Choice C rationale
Preparing for an exchange blood transfusion is an intervention for severe hyperbilirubinemia but is not a preventive measure for jaundice. It is used when bilirubin levels are
extremely high.
Choice D rationale
Initiating early feeding helps to promote bowel movements, which assists in the excretion of bilirubin from the body. This is an effective preventive measure for jaundice, as it helps
reduce the chances of bilirubin buildup.