Cortical nephrons can be distinguished from juxtamedullary nephrons by ____________.
their filtration rate
their location within the renal cortex
the size of their renal corpuscle
whether they drain into a collecting duct or directly into the renal pelvis
The Correct Answer is B
A. Their filtration rate: Both types of nephrons have similar filtration rates; the difference lies primarily in their structure and location.
B. Their location within the renal cortex: Cortical nephrons are located primarily in the renal cortex, while juxtamedullary nephrons are located closer to the medulla and have long loops of Henle that extend deep into the medulla.
C. The size of their renal corpuscle: The renal corpuscle size does not differ significantly between cortical and juxtamedullary nephrons.
D. Whether they drain into a collecting duct or directly into the renal pelvis: All nephrons drain into a collecting duct; none drain directly into the renal pelvis.
Free Nursing Test Bank
- Free Pharmacology Quiz 1
- Free Medical-Surgical Quiz 2
- Free Fundamentals Quiz 3
- Free Maternal-Newborn Quiz 4
- Free Anatomy and Physiology Quiz 5
- Free Obstetrics and Pediatrics Quiz 6
- Free Fluid and Electrolytes Quiz 7
- Free Community Health Quiz 8
- Free Promoting Health across the Lifespan Quiz 9
- Free Multidimensional Care Quiz 10
View Related questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. 32; 36. Aerobic respiration, including glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation, can produce up to 36 ATP per glucose. Anaerobic fermentation, however, only produces 2 ATP per glucose, not 36.
B. 32; 2. Aerobic respiration, including glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation, typically produces up to 36 ATP per glucose, though 32 is a commonly cited figure depending on the specifics of the process. Anaerobic fermentation produces 2 ATP per glucose. The discrepancy in ATP production is due to differences in efficiency and accounting for the energy yield in different conditions.
C. 2; about the same, varying from one tissue to another. Anaerobic fermentation produces 2 ATP per glucose, but aerobic respiration (including glycolysis and subsequent steps) produces up to 36 ATP. The "about the same" part is not accurate for aerobic versus anaerobic processes.
D. 32; none. Anaerobic fermentation does produce ATP, specifically 2 ATP per glucose. Aerobic respiration produces up to 36 ATP per glucose.
E. 36; about the same, varying from one tissue to another. Aerobic respiration can produce up to 36 ATP per glucose, and anaerobic fermentation produces only 2 ATP per glucose. The ATP production difference is significant and not “about the same.”
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein: The major chemical buffer systems in the body are the bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein buffer systems.
B. Glucose is not a buffering system; it is a primary energy source.
C. Magnesium is a mineral with various physiological roles but not a major chemical buffer system.
D. Creatinine is a waste product of muscle metabolism, not a buffer system.