An older adult client with heart failure comes to the emergency room because of nausea, vomiting, and anorexia. Based on the client's signs and symptoms, which data from the medical history has the most significance when planning this client's care?
Coronary artery bypass procedure was performed in 1995.
Colonoscopy performed for routine screening six months ago.
Digoxin and furosemide daily since 1996.
Suffered with depression following death of spouse in 1999.
The Correct Answer is C
Rationale:
A. The history of coronary artery bypass surgery is important but does not directly relate to the current symptoms.
B. A recent colonoscopy is not relevant to the client's current symptoms.
C. Long-term use of digoxin and furosemide is highly significant as these medications can lead to digoxin toxicity, especially in the context of dehydration or renal insufficiency. Symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and anorexia are classic signs of digoxin toxicity.
D. A history of depression is important but not immediately relevant to the current symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and anorexia.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. The clavicle is an important landmark but not the ideal starting point for auscultating breath sounds.
B. The sternum is also not the correct starting location for breath sound auscultation.
C. The aortic site is unrelated to lung auscultation.
D. The lung apex, located above the clavicle, is the correct location to begin auscultating anterior breath sounds. This systematic approach ensures all areas of the lungs are assessed for normal and abnormal breath sounds.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A.Dopamine, a sympathomimetic agent, can cause significant changes in blood pressure. Monitoring blood pressure every 15 minutes is crucial to assess the client's response to the medication and to detect any adverse effects, such as hypertension or hypotension, promptly.
B.Monitoring CBC is important but not as immediately critical in this situation as monitoring blood pressure.
C.While reviewing creatinine and BUN results is important for overall kidney function, it is not the most immediate priority when administering dopamine for shock.
D. Measuring urinary output is important for assessing renal perfusion but should be done more frequently than daily in a client receiving dopamine for shock.