An older adult client with heart failure comes to the emergency room because of nausea, vomiting, and anorexia. Based on the client's signs and symptoms, which data from the medical history has the most significance when planning this client's care?
Coronary artery bypass procedure was performed in 1995.
Colonoscopy performed for routine screening six months ago.
Digoxin and furosemide daily since 1996.
Suffered with depression following death of spouse in 1999.
The Correct Answer is C
Rationale:
A. The history of coronary artery bypass surgery is important but does not directly relate to the current symptoms.
B. A recent colonoscopy is not relevant to the client's current symptoms.
C. Long-term use of digoxin and furosemide is highly significant as these medications can lead to digoxin toxicity, especially in the context of dehydration or renal insufficiency. Symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and anorexia are classic signs of digoxin toxicity.
D. A history of depression is important but not immediately relevant to the current symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and anorexia.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Pulse volume and bruit are different assessments; pulse volume is not graded in the context of auscultation findings.
B. A bruit is an abnormal sound heard over an artery, indicating turbulent blood flow, often due to stenosis or narrowing. Documenting a "left carotid artery bruit present" accurately reflects the findings.
C. The presence of a bruit does not necessarily mean the pulse is strong or that there is occlusion.
D. A bruit indicates turbulent flow, not necessarily complete occlusion.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Turning on overhead lights ensures that the client can see the instructions clearly, which is particularly important for older adults who may have visual impairments. Adequate lighting helps improve comprehension and reduces the risk of misunderstandings.
B. Standing behind the client may cause confusion or discomfort. It is better to face the client while communicating.
C. Handouts should be written at a lower reading level, typically around the 5th to 6th grade, to ensure that most clients can understand them, especially older adults.
D. Background music may be distracting rather than helpful during the provision of important instructions.