An older adult client recovering from coronary artery bypass surgery becomes weak and dizzy when standing to ambulate in the hall with the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP). The UAP assists the client back into bed and notifies the nurse of the occurrence. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to include in the client's plan of care?
Provide client with dietary teaching regarding a cardiac diet.
Obtain client's vital signs every 4 hours when awake.
Obtain a blood pressure reading before client gets out of bed.
Measure and record the client's urinary output every day.
The Correct Answer is C
Rationale:
A. Dietary teaching is important for long-term health but does not address the immediate issue of dizziness upon standing.
B. Monitoring vital signs every 4 hours is important, but obtaining blood pressure before standing is crucial to prevent falls and manage orthostatic hypotension.
C. Measuring blood pressure before the client stands helps identify orthostatic hypotension, which could be causing weakness and dizziness.
D. Measuring urinary output is relevant but not immediately pertinent to the client's dizziness and weakness on standing.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. The clavicle is an important landmark but not the ideal starting point for auscultating breath sounds.
B. The sternum is also not the correct starting location for breath sound auscultation.
C. The aortic site is unrelated to lung auscultation.
D. The lung apex, located above the clavicle, is the correct location to begin auscultating anterior breath sounds. This systematic approach ensures all areas of the lungs are assessed for normal and abnormal breath sounds.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Clamping the catheter before irrigation is not recommended as it could cause urine retention and increase the risk of infection.
B. An infusion pump is not typically used for catheter irrigation as manual control is preferred for monitoring flow and pressure.
C. Using a sterile syringe to gently irrigate the catheter with 20 mL of normal saline is the correct approach. This method helps to clear fibrin clots and sediment without applying excessive pressure, which could damage the bladder or catheter.
D. Power flushing with 60 mL could apply excessive pressure, potentially causing trauma to the bladder or urethra.