An infant is brought to the emergency department with suspected coarctation of the aorta. Which clinical symptoms would the nurse expect to find?
Cyanosis of the lips and tongue
Weak or absent femoral pulses
Bounding pulses in the upper extremities
High blood pressure in the lower extremities
Poor feeding and irritability
Correct Answer : B,C,E
A. Cyanosis of the lips and tongue is not a typical finding in coarctation of the aorta; rather, it is more associated with cyanotic congenital heart defects.
B. Weak or absent femoral pulses are expected due to reduced blood flow to the lower body, as the coarctation typically occurs distal to the left subclavian artery.
C. Bounding pulses in the upper extremities are common because the blood flow to the upper body is increased, leading to stronger pulses.
D. High blood pressure in the lower extremities is not typical; instead, there is often lower blood pressure in the lower body due to the obstruction.
E. Poor feeding and irritability are common symptoms in infants with heart conditions, as they may be in distress or not getting enough blood flow to meet their metabolic needs.
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View Related questions
Correct Answer is ["C","D"]
Explanation
A. Object permanence is a cognitive ability typically developed during the sensorimotor stage (0-2 years), not during the concrete operational stage (7-11 years).
B. Egocentric thinking is characteristic of the preoperational stage (2-7 years) and decreases as children enter the concrete operational stage.
C. The ability to perform logical operations on concrete objects is a hallmark of the concrete operational stage, where children can think logically about physical objects and events.
D. Understanding the concept of conservation, which refers to recognizing that quantity does not change despite changes in shape or arrangement, is a key characteristic of the concrete operational stage.
E. Use of symbolic play is more characteristic of the preoperational stage, where children engage in imaginative play rather than concrete operations.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. This option is incorrect as it does not describe the expected blood pressure difference in coarctation of the aorta.
B. Coarctation of the aorta typically presents with higher blood pressure in the upper body (arms) and lower blood pressure in the lower body (legs) due to the obstruction of blood flow distal to the aortic arch.
C. This option is incorrect because while coarctation can lead to decreased perfusion in the lower extremities, it does not typically result in decreased blood pressure in both the arms and legs simultaneously.
D. While increased blood pressure may occur in the arms, the legs would not typically show increased blood pressure in cases of coarctation.