An infant is admitted to the pediatric unit with heart failure due to a congenital heart defect. What assessment finding would the nurse expect with this diagnosis?
Polyuria
Difficulty feeding
Bradycardia
Bradypnea
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. Polyuria is not commonly associated with heart failure in infants; they are more likely to have oliguria or reduced urine output.
B. Difficulty feeding is a common sign of heart failure in infants because the increased work of breathing and poor cardiac output make it hard for them to feed effectively.
C. Bradycardia is not typically associated with heart failure; tachycardia is more common as the heart tries to compensate for decreased cardiac output.
D. Bradypnea is uncommon in heart failure; tachypnea is a more likely symptom due to fluid overload and poor oxygenation.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Thyroid storm is related to hyperthyroidism and is not directly associated with vasopressin treatment.
B. Vitamin D toxicity is unrelated to vasopressin and is not a concern in this scenario.
C. Cushing syndrome is caused by excess cortisol and is not related to vasopressin therapy.
D. SIADH is characterized by excessive release of antidiuretic hormone, which can lead to water retention and hyponatremia. Since vasopressin is an antidiuretic hormone analog, it can cause similar effects if not carefully monitored.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Projectile vomiting is a classic sign of pyloric stenosis, where the thickened pylorus muscle obstructs the passage of food from the stomach to the small intestine, causing forceful vomiting.
B. Large amounts of bilious emesis would suggest an obstruction beyond the pylorus, which is not characteristic of pyloric stenosis.
C. Watery diarrhea is not associated with pyloric stenosis, which typically causes dehydration and constipation.
D. Steatorrhea, or fatty stools, is not a feature of pyloric stenosis but rather is associated with malabsorption syndromes.