An emergency room nurse has a patient with the flu, whose respiratory rate is wavering and whose body temperature is escalating periodically. The nurse wants to accese a clinical data source that regularly and systematically collects, analyses, and interprets data on infectious diseases to research disease-prevention and control information related to the patient's condition.Which clinical data source will meet the nurse's needs?
Surveys
Vital records
Claims data
Surveillance
The Correct Answer is D
A. Surveys – Surveys may collect health-related data but are not typically focused on disease surveillance or providing real-time information on infectious diseases.
B. Vital records – Vital records track birth, death, and health events but are not regularly updated for active infectious disease surveillance.
C. Claims data – Claims data relate to insurance and billing, not specifically disease prevention or control.
D. Surveillance – Disease surveillance systems systematically track and interpret data on infectious diseases to aid in disease control and prevention.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Consumer-mediated exchange. – This exchange allows patients to control their own data sharing, not typically used for provider-to-provider data transfer.
B. Clinical decision support. – Clinical decision support provides providers with tools for better decision-making based on patient data but does not manage care summaries or patient selection notifications.
C. Evidence-based practice (EBP). – EBP refers to integrating clinical expertise with the best available evidence but is not a system for transferring care summaries.
D. Directed exchange. – Directed exchange enables secure, direct transmission of care summaries and other health information between providers, making it suitable for notifying specialists and coordinating patient care.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. A nursing department determining staffing levels. – While a gap analysis could theoretically be used to assess staffing needs, it is more commonly applied to evaluate broader strategic gaps rather than specific resource allocation like staffing levels.
B. A nursing director conducting focus group interviews with five nurses. – Focus groups can be part of data collection, but they don’t constitute a full gap analysis, which requires a more structured assessment to compare current versus desired states.
C. A nursing director evaluating needs prior to transitioning to a new EHR. – A gap analysis is used here to assess current system capabilities versus the requirements for the new EHR, helping to identify what resources, training, or systems are needed for the transition.
D. A nursing leader observing nurses as they work. – Observation can inform a gap analysis but, on its own, does not constitute a complete analysis of needs or gaps in the current state versus future requirements.