According to Piaget's Theory of Development, what stage would an 11-month-old be in?
Preoperational.
Concrete operational.
Sensorimotor.
Formal operational.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Preoperational stage starts around age 2 to 7 years, characterized by symbolic thinking.
Choice B rationale
Concrete operational stage starts around age 7 to 11 years, involving logical thinking about concrete events.
Choice C rationale
Sensorimotor stage (birth to 2 years) is when infants know the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities.
Choice D rationale
Formal operational stage begins at approximately age 12 and involves abstract and hypothetical thinking.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Examining the tympanic membrane at the beginning may cause distress to the child and make the rest of the exam difficult.
Choice B rationale
Before auscultating the chest and abdomen, the child needs to be calm and cooperative, which might not be the case if their ear is examined first.
Choice C rationale
Examining the tympanic membrane before the head and neck could lead to increased anxiety and uncooperativeness in the child during the rest of the exam.
Choice D rationale
Examining the tympanic membrane at the end allows for a more accurate and complete examination without causing the child to become distressed early in the process.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Toddlers are at a stage where they are increasingly curious and mobile, which requires close supervision to ensure their safety. They are also prone to tantrums as they test
boundaries and express frustration due to limited communication skills. Effective management of tantrums and supervision can help parents guide their child's behavior and ensure
their safety.
Choice B rationale
Solitary play and identity development are more characteristic of older children. Toddlers engage more in parallel play, where they play alongside other children but not directly with
them. Encouraging solitary play is not as developmentally appropriate for toddlers.
Choice C rationale
Establishing trust is crucial in infancy when infants learn to trust their caregivers to meet their needs. Dental care should start around the toddler years, but the primary focus should
be on supervision and behavior management rather than dental care initiation.
Choice D rationale
Establishing relationships and developing self-confidence are vital across all developmental stages, but in toddlers, the priority lies in providing a safe environment and guiding
behavior through supervision and tantrum management.