A provider orders an ESR to be performed on a patient and describes the test to the patient. Which of the following statements made by the patient indicates an understanding of the teaching?
"This test measures my estrogen serum ratio after menopause."
"This test measures the fluctuation of serum protein."
"This test measures my hemoglobin levels."
"This test measures the distance my RBCs have dropped."
The Correct Answer is D
A. "This test measures my estrogen serum ratio after menopause." ESR stands for erythrocyte sedimentation rate, not estrogen serum ratio. This is an incorrect interpretation of the test.
B. "This test measures the fluctuation of serum protein." The ESR does not directly measure serum protein levels. It measures the rate at which red blood cells sediment in a period of one hour.
C. "This test measures my hemoglobin levels." Hemoglobin levels are measured by a hemoglobin test, not an ESR. This statement is incorrect.
D. "This test measures the distance my RBCs have dropped." This is the correct understanding. ESR measures the rate at which red blood cells settle at the bottom of a test tube over a specified period, indicating the distance the RBCs have dropped.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Reservoir: The reservoir is the place where a pathogen lives and multiplies, such as a human, animal, or environment. It is not how the pathogen enters a new host.
B. Susceptible host: The susceptible host is the individual who can potentially be infected by the pathogen. However, this term does not describe how the pathogen enters the host.
C. Portal of entry: The portal of entry is the correct term for the route by which a pathogen enters a new host, such as through the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, or broken skin.
D. Mode of transmission: The mode of transmission refers to how the pathogen is spread from one host to another, such as through direct contact, airborne particles, or vectors. It does not describe how the pathogen enters the host.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Peripheral artery disease: While peripheral artery disease affects blood circulation, it is not typically an indication for an EKG.
B. Anemia: Anemia is a condition involving low red blood cells and is not a direct indication for an EKG.
C. Diaphoresis: Diaphoresis (excessive sweating) alone is not a specific indication for an EKG.
D. Arrhythmia: An EKG is used to diagnose and monitor arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats) and other heart-related conditions.