A postsurgical client has been receiving morphine by patient-controlled analgesia for 2 days. What action by the nurse best addresses potential adverse effects?
administering a stool softener as prescribed
auscultating the client's lung for adventitious sounds
encouraging active range of motion exercises
applying calf compressors as prescribed
The Correct Answer is A
A. Administering a stool softener is essential as opioids like morphine commonly cause constipation, and this proactive measure helps mitigate that adverse effect.
B. While auscultating the lungs is important to monitor respiratory function, it does not specifically address a common adverse effect of morphine.
C. Encouraging active range of motion exercises can help prevent complications from immobility but does not directly address the most common adverse effect of morphine.
D. Applying calf compressors can help prevent deep vein thrombosis, but it is not the most effective action for addressing the specific adverse effects of morphine use.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. While resting heart rate and blood pressure are important for overall cardiovascular health, they do not specifically assess the effectiveness of atorvastatin in lowering lipid levels.
B. Reviewing laboratory blood work results, particularly lipid panels, is essential to determine the therapeutic effect of atorvastatin, as it directly measures changes in cholesterol levels (such as LDL and total cholesterol).
C. Assessing exercise tolerance and activities of daily living can provide insight into overall health and well-being but does not specifically evaluate the impact of atorvastatin on lipid levels.
D. A focused cardiac assessment is beneficial for understanding cardiovascular health but is not specific for measuring the effectiveness of lipid-lowering therapy with atorvastatin.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. A reduced plasma albumin level can lead to increased free drug levels in the bloodstream, raising the risk of drug toxicity, particularly for highly protein-bound medications.
B. Decreased therapeutic effects are less likely because the decrease in albumin can lead to higher free drug concentrations, which may actually increase effects rather than decrease them.
C. Altered drug absorption is generally not directly influenced by plasma albumin levels; it relates more to gastrointestinal factors.
D. Increased drug metabolism is not a direct consequence of lower albumin levels; instead, the concern is primarily about increased free drug concentrations and potential toxicity.