A postsurgical client has been receiving morphine by patient-controlled analgesia for 2 days. What action by the nurse best addresses potential adverse effects?
administering a stool softener as prescribed
auscultating the client's lung for adventitious sounds
encouraging active range of motion exercises
applying calf compressors as prescribed
The Correct Answer is A
A. Administering a stool softener is essential as opioids like morphine commonly cause constipation, and this proactive measure helps mitigate that adverse effect.
B. While auscultating the lungs is important to monitor respiratory function, it does not specifically address a common adverse effect of morphine.
C. Encouraging active range of motion exercises can help prevent complications from immobility but does not directly address the most common adverse effect of morphine.
D. Applying calf compressors can help prevent deep vein thrombosis, but it is not the most effective action for addressing the specific adverse effects of morphine use.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Atropine is an anticholinergic medication that increases heart rate by blocking vagal effects on the heart, making it the first-line treatment for symptomatic bradycardia.
B. Cholestyramine is a bile acid sequestrant used to lower cholesterol levels and does not have any effects on heart rate.
C. Inamrinone is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor used in heart failure for inotropic support but is not specifically indicated for bradycardia management.
D. Milrinone is also a phosphodiesterase inhibitor used for heart failure but does not address bradycardia directly.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]
Explanation
A. Auscultating bowel sounds is important because anticholinergic agents can decrease gastrointestinal motility, leading to reduced bowel sounds and potential constipation.
B. Monitoring urine output is crucial as anticholinergics can cause urinary retention, and assessing output helps identify any adverse effects on bladder function.
C. Monitoring heart rate is necessary since anticholinergic agents can cause tachycardia as a side effect, making it important to assess the client’s cardiovascular status.
D. Administering an antidiarrheal agent is not typically indicated, as anticholinergic agents often cause constipation rather than diarrhea.
E. Assessing deep tendon reflexes is not directly relevant to the effects of anticholinergic medications and is not typically prioritized in this context.