A patient presents to the clinic with symptoms of a sore throat, nasal congestion, watery eyes, sneezing, malaise, and a nonproductive cough. The nurse notes that the patient's temperature is normal. Based on this information, which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
influenza
Strep Throat
Rhinitis
Bacterial pharyngitis
The Correct Answer is C
A. Influenza: Influenza typically presents with a high fever, muscle aches, and fatigue, which are not present in this case.
B. Strep Throat: Strep throat usually presents with a sore throat, high fever, and swollen lymph nodes, not nasal congestion or watery eyes.
C. Rhinitis: Rhinitis, particularly allergic rhinitis, causes symptoms such as sneezing, nasal congestion, watery eyes, and malaise without fever, making it the most likely diagnosis.
D. Bacterial Pharyngitis: Bacterial pharyngitis often presents with a sore throat, fever, and swollen lymph nodes, but typically does not include nasal congestion or watery eyes.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Stroke: The sudden onset of one-sided weakness, numbness, difficulty speaking, and severe headache are classic symptoms of an acute stroke, where blood flow to part of the brain is interrupted, leading to neurological deficits.
B. Migraine: While migraines can cause headache and some neurological symptoms, they usually include visual disturbances, nausea, or photophobia rather than one-sided weakness and numbness.
C. Hypoglycemia: Hypoglycemia can cause confusion, weakness, and headache, but it typically lacks the focal neurological symptoms, like one-sided weakness and numbness.
D. Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA): A TIA can cause similar symptoms, but the deficits are usually transient and resolve within 24 hours without lasting neurological damage. Persistent symptoms are more indicative of a stroke.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Consume small frequent meals throughout the day. Small, frequent meals reduce the volume of food entering the small intestine at one time, helping to prevent symptoms of dumping syndrome.
B. Lie down immediately after eating to aid digestion. Although lying down after eating can slow gastric emptying and help prevent dumping syndrome, it does not aid in digestion.
C. Include high-carbohydrate foods in every meal. High-carbohydrate foods are likely to worsen symptoms of dumping syndrome by causing rapid glucose absorption, which leads to a spike in insulin and subsequent hypoglycemia.
D. Drink fluids with meals to aid in digestion. Fluids should be taken between meals rather than with meals to avoid rapid gastric emptying and prevent dumping syndrome.