A parent calls a clinic and reports to a nurse that his 2-month-old infant is hungry more than usual but is projectile vomiting immediately after eating. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Give your infant an oral rehydration solution.
Bring your baby in to the clinic today.
Try switching to a different formula.
Burp your baby more frequently during feedings.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Giving an oral rehydration solution is not appropriate without first assessing the infant. Projectile vomiting in a 2-month-old could indicate a serious condition such as pyloric stenosis, which requires medical evaluation.
Choice B rationale
Bringing the baby to the clinic today is the appropriate response. Projectile vomiting in an infant can be a sign of a serious condition that requires prompt medical evaluation and treatment.
Choice C rationale
Switching to a different formula is not appropriate without first assessing the infant. Projectile vomiting could indicate a serious condition that needs to be evaluated by a healthcare provider.
Choice D rationale
Burping the baby more frequently during feedings may help with minor feeding issues, but it is not appropriate advice for projectile vomiting. The infant needs to be evaluated by a healthcare provider to determine the cause of the vomiting.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Budesonide via dry-powder inhaler is a corticosteroid used for long-term control of asthma. It is not effective for immediate relief of acute asthma exacerbations.
Choice B rationale
Cromolyn via metered-dose inhaler is a mast cell stabilizer used for long-term control of asthma. It is not effective for immediate relief of acute asthma exacerbations.
Choice C rationale
Albuterol via jet nebulizer is a short-acting beta-adrenergic agonist that provides rapid bronchodilation. It is the medication of choice for immediate relief of acute asthma exacerbations.
Choice D rationale
Montelukast orally is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used for long-term control of asthma. It is not effective for immediate relief of acute asthma exacerbations.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Keeping the child flat and applying pressure to the bridge of the nose is not effective for managing a nosebleed. The child should be in an upright position to reduce blood flow to the nose and prevent swallowing blood.
Choice B rationale
Turning the child’s head to the side and pressing on the nasal ridge is not the recommended approach for managing a nosebleed. The child should be in an upright position with pressure applied to the sides of the nose.
Choice C rationale
Sitting the child upright and applying pressure to the sides of the nose is the correct action. This position helps to reduce blood flow to the nose and applying pressure helps to stop the bleeding.
Choice D rationale
Elevating the head of the bed slightly and applying pressure to the forehead is not effective for managing a nosebleed. The child should be in an upright position with pressure applied to the sides of the nose to stop the bleeding. .