A parent calls a clinic and reports to a nurse that his 2-month-old infant is hungry more than usual but is projectile vomiting immediately after eating. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Give your infant an oral rehydration solution.
Bring your baby in to the clinic today.
Try switching to a different formula.
Burp your baby more frequently during feedings.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Giving an oral rehydration solution is not appropriate without first assessing the infant. Projectile vomiting in a 2-month-old could indicate a serious condition such as pyloric stenosis, which requires medical evaluation.
Choice B rationale
Bringing the baby to the clinic today is the appropriate response. Projectile vomiting in an infant can be a sign of a serious condition that requires prompt medical evaluation and treatment.
Choice C rationale
Switching to a different formula is not appropriate without first assessing the infant. Projectile vomiting could indicate a serious condition that needs to be evaluated by a healthcare provider.
Choice D rationale
Burping the baby more frequently during feedings may help with minor feeding issues, but it is not appropriate advice for projectile vomiting. The infant needs to be evaluated by a healthcare provider to determine the cause of the vomiting.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
At 10 months, infants are typically able to imitate simple sounds, including animal sounds. This is a normal developmental milestone.
Choice B rationale
Turning pages in a book is a fine motor skill that develops later, around 12 months of age.
Choice C rationale
Building a tower of three or four cubes is a skill that typically develops around 15-18 months of age.
Choice D rationale
By 10 months, infants should be able to sit steadily without support. Inability to do so may indicate a developmental delay.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Obtaining blood cultures is important for identifying the causative organism, but it should be done immediately before or concurrently with the administration of antibiotics.
Choice B rationale
Administering an intravenous antibiotic is the priority action for a child with suspected bacterial meningitis. Early administration of antibiotics is crucial to treat the infection and prevent complications such as brain swelling and seizures.
Choice C rationale
Preparing the child for a lumbar puncture is necessary for diagnosing meningitis, but it should not delay the administration of antibiotics.
Choice D rationale
Placing the child in isolation is important to prevent the spread of infection, but it is not the immediate priority over administering antibiotics.