A parent asks the nurse why the newborn is getting a vitamin K injection in the birth room.
The nurse explains that the injection is necessary because:
Newborns are prone to hypoglycemia, and vitamin K helps maintain a steady blood glucose level.
Vitamin K is needed for coagulation, and the newborn does not produce enough vitamin K.
The birthing parent was febrile at the time of birth and prophylactic vitamin K is necessary.
Newborns have deficient levels of prothrombin.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Vitamin K has no role in stabilizing blood glucose levels; hypoglycemia in newborns is managed differently.
Choice B rationale
Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting, and newborns typically have low stores at birth, necessitating supplementation to prevent bleeding disorders.
Choice C rationale
There is no established link between maternal fever and the need for vitamin K; prophylaxis is standard for all newborns regardless of maternal health.
Choice D rationale
Newborns do not have sufficient prothrombin or other clotting factors, which is why vitamin K administration is critical.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The absence of creases on the plantar surface is typical of a preterm infant, not a term infant. Term infants usually have some creases.
Choice B rationale
Abundant lanugo is more common in preterm infants, while term infants may have some but not extensive lanugo.
Choice C rationale
A flexed position at rest is expected in a term neonate, as it indicates good muscle tone and neuromuscular development.
Choice D rationale
The pinna of the ear remaining folded is more indicative of a preterm infant, as term infants typically have fully formed and firmer ear cartilage.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Keeping the diaper loose in the front helps avoid pressure on the circumcision site, promoting healing and reducing discomfort for the infant.
Choice B rationale
A yellow crust or exudate forming on the circumcision site is a normal part of the healing process and should not be a cause for alarm. It is not an indication to call the doctor immediately unless other signs of infection or complications are present.
Choice C rationale
Notifying the healthcare provider in the case of significant bleeding is crucial. Excessive bleeding can indicate a complication that requires prompt medical attention to ensure the infant's safety and proper healing.
Choice D rationale
Applying petroleum jelly with each diaper change helps to protect the circumcision site from sticking to the diaper, promoting healing and reducing discomfort.