A nursery nurse is caring for a newborn who was born 2 hours ago. Upon review of the prenatal records, the nurse notes the following prenatal panel results:
A positive, Hepatitis B positive, RPR negative, Rubella immune, HIV negative, GBS positive. In addition to Vitamin K and Erythromycin ophthalmic ointment, what injection(s) should the newborn receive?
Hepatitis B vaccine only, administered within 1 hour of birth.
Hepatitis B vaccine and Hepatitis B immunoglobulin administered within 12 hours of delivery.
Hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) only, administered within 12 hours of birth.
Hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) within 12 hours, followed by hepatitis B vaccine monthly for 12 months.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Administering only the Hepatitis B vaccine within 1 hour of birth is not sufficient for a newborn born to a Hepatitis B positive mother. The newborn also needs Hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) to provide immediate passive immunity.
Choice B rationale
Administering both the Hepatitis B vaccine and Hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) within 12 hours of delivery is the recommended practice for newborns born to Hepatitis B positive mothers. This provides both active and passive immunity.
Choice C rationale
Administering only Hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) within 12 hours of birth is not sufficient. The newborn also needs the Hepatitis B vaccine to develop long-term immunity.
Choice D rationale
Administering Hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) within 12 hours, followed by monthly Hepatitis B vaccines for 12 months, is not the standard practice. The newborn should receive the Hepatitis B vaccine series according to the recommended schedule. .
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View Related questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Applying a 1-2 cm ribbon from outer to inner canthus is incorrect because it increases the risk of contamination and infection by moving from a less clean area to a more clean area.
Choice B rationale
Applying a 2-3 inch ribbon from inner to outer canthus is incorrect because the length of the ribbon is too long and the direction is not recommended for preventing contamination.
Choice C rationale
Applying a 1-2 cm ribbon from inner to outer canthus is correct as it minimizes the risk of contamination by moving from a cleaner area to a less clean area, ensuring proper application of the ointment.
Choice D rationale
Applying a 1-2 inch ribbon to the upper eyelid is incorrect because the upper eyelid is not the recommended site for application, and the length of the ribbon is too long.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The xiphoid process is not the correct anatomical landmark for measuring chest circumference in newborns. It is located at the lower end of the sternum and does not provide a consistent measurement point.
Choice B rationale
The fifth intercostal space is not used for measuring chest circumference in newborns. This space is located between the ribs and is not a reliable landmark for consistent measurements.
Choice C rationale
The sternal notch is not the correct landmark for measuring chest circumference. It is located at the top of the sternum and does not provide a consistent measurement point.
Choice D rationale
The nipple line is the correct anatomical landmark for measuring chest circumference in newborns. This method ensures that the measurement is taken at a consistent and reproducible location, providing an accurate assessment of the chest size relative to growth and development standards.