A nurse places a newborn under a radiant heat warmer after birth. The purpose of this action is to prevent which of the following in the newborn?
Shivering.
Cold stress.
Brown fat production.
Basal metabolic rate reduction.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Shivering is not a primary concern for newborns as they have limited ability to shiver. Instead, they rely on non-shivering thermogenesis to maintain body temperature.
Choice B rationale
Cold stress is a significant concern for newborns as it can lead to hypothermia, increased oxygen consumption, and metabolic acidosis. Placing a newborn under a radiant heat warmer helps maintain their body temperature and prevent cold stress.
Choice C rationale
Brown fat production is a natural process in newborns that helps generate heat. However, the primary purpose of using a radiant heat warmer is to prevent cold stress, not to stimulate brown fat production.
Choice D rationale
Basal metabolic rate reduction is not the primary concern. The focus is on preventing cold stress and maintaining the newborn’s body temperature.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Microcephaly is not typically associated with an increased risk of unconjugated bilirubin and jaundice.
Choice B rationale
Polydactyly is a congenital condition involving extra fingers or toes and is not associated with an increased risk of unconjugated bilirubin and jaundice.
Choice C rationale
Caput succedaneum is a condition involving swelling of the scalp in a newborn and is not typically associated with an increased risk of unconjugated bilirubin and jaundice.
Choice D rationale
Cephalohematoma is a collection of blood between a baby’s scalp and the skull bone. It is associated with an increased risk of unconjugated bilirubin and jaundice due to the breakdown of red blood cells in the hematoma. .
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A newborn with a temperature of 37.0°C (98.6°F) is within the normal range for newborns and does not require immediate intervention.
Choice B rationale
A newborn who has not voided within 27 hours post-delivery requires immediate intervention. Newborns should void within the first 24 hours of life. Failure to void may indicate dehydration, urinary tract obstruction, or renal issues.
Choice C rationale
A newborn who has not passed meconium within 18 hours post-delivery is concerning but not as urgent as not voiding. Newborns typically pass meconium within the first 24-48 hours.
Choice D rationale
Acrocyanosis, or bluish discoloration of the hands and feet, is common in newborns and usually resolves on its own. It does not require immediate intervention.