A nurse performs cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on a 92-year-old with brittle bones and breaks a rib during the procedure, which then punctures a lung. The patient recovers completely without any residual problems and sues the nurse for pain and suffering and for malpractice. Which key point will the prosecution attempt to prove against the nurse?
The patient would have died if nothing was done.
The CPR procedure was done incorrectly.
The patient was resuscitated according to the policy.
The older patient with brittle bones might sustain fractures when chest compressions are done.
The Correct Answer is B
A. While the patient may have been in a life-threatening situation, this point is not necessarily a direct indictment of the nurse’s actions but rather a justification for performing CPR.
B. The prosecution will likely focus on whether the CPR was performed according to accepted standards of care. If it can be shown that the technique was inappropriate or negligent, this would support the claim of malpractice.
C. Performing CPR according to policy may serve as a defense for the nurse, emphasizing adherence to established protocols.
D. While it is true that older adults with brittle bones may be at risk for fractures, this is a known risk of CPR, and the prosecution will aim to demonstrate specific negligence or failure in technique rather than just acknowledging inherent risks.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. While anxiety may contribute to hyperventilation, in the context of a febrile child, the primary factor is usually metabolic.
B. Increased metabolic demands due to fever can elevate the body’s oxygen requirements, prompting hyperventilation as a compensatory mechanism.
C. Decreased drive to breathe would not lead to hyperventilation; rather, it might result in hypoventilation or respiratory distress.
D. Infection destroying lung tissues would typically lead to respiratory distress or failure, not directly cause hyperventilation without the context of increased metabolic needs.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. A moderate-carbohydrate diet is recommended because carbohydrates increase CO₂ production during metabolism, and limiting excessive carbohydrate intake can help manage CO₂ retention in patients with respiratory issues.
B. Low-caffeine is not directly related to CO₂ retention and does not influence carbon dioxide levels in the body.
C. High-carbohydrate intake can exacerbate CO₂ production, worsening retention issues in patients with compromised lung function.
D. High-caffeine intake is not related to CO₂ retention management and would not impact CO₂ levels in the respiratory system.