A nurse is working with a community at risk for flooding. The nurse is aware that identification of at-risk populations, education of the residents about evacuation routes, and emergency shelters is an example of what level of the National Response Framework?
Security phase
Mitigation phase
Response phase
Practice phase
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason:
The security phase is not a recognized phase in the National Response Framework. The framework focuses on preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation phases. Security measures are integrated into these phases but are not a standalone phase.
Choice B reason:
The mitigation phase involves actions taken to reduce the impact of disasters before they occur. This includes identifying at-risk populations, educating residents about evacuation routes, and establishing emergency shelters. These proactive measures help minimize the potential damage and enhance community resilience.
Choice C reason:
The response phase involves actions taken during and immediately after a disaster to ensure safety and provide emergency assistance. While important, the activities described in the question are more aligned with mitigation efforts that occur before a disaster strikes.
Choice D reason:
The practice phase is not a recognized phase in the National Response Framework. However, preparedness activities, including drills and exercises, are part of the overall framework to ensure readiness for potential disasters.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason:
The epidemiologic triangle is a model used to explain the factors that contribute to the spread of infectious diseases. It consists of three components: the agent (the cause of the disease), the host (the organism harboring the disease), and the environment (the external factors that allow the disease to spread). This model helps nurses understand how diseases are transmitted and identify strategies for prevention and control.
Choice B reason:
Levels of prevention refer to the different stages of disease prevention: primary, secondary, and tertiary. While important for understanding how to prevent and manage diseases, this approach does not specifically explain the factors that allow the reproduction and spread of infectious diseases.
Choice C reason:
The natural history of disease describes the progression of a disease from its onset to its resolution, including the stages of preclinical, clinical, and recovery or death. While this concept is important for understanding disease progression, it does not focus on the factors that contribute to the spread of infectious diseases.
Choice D reason:
Health promotion involves activities and interventions designed to improve health and prevent disease. While health promotion is crucial for overall public health, it does not specifically address the factors that allow the reproduction and spread of infectious diseases.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Encouraging the client to use ice therapy to alleviate muscle stiffness is not the best approach for managing multiple sclerosis (MS). While ice therapy can provide temporary relief for muscle stiffness, it does not address the need to increase venous return, prevent stiffness, or maintain muscle strength and endurance. Gentle stretching exercises are more effective for these goals.
Choice B reason:
Administering interferon is a common treatment for MS to help reduce the frequency and severity of relapses. However, it does not directly address the need to increase venous return, prevent stiffness, or maintain muscle strength and endurance. Exercise and physical therapy are more appropriate for these specific goals.
Choice C reason:
Administering corticosteroids is used to manage acute exacerbations of MS by reducing inflammation. While corticosteroids can help manage symptoms during a flare-up, they do not directly contribute to increasing venous return, preventing stiffness, or maintaining muscle strength and endurance. Regular exercise is more effective for these purposes.
Choice D reason:
Encouraging the client to perform gentle stretching exercises daily is the most appropriate action. Stretching exercises help increase venous return, prevent stiffness, and maintain muscle strength and endurance. Regular physical activity is essential for managing MS symptoms and improving overall function and quality of life.