A nurse is working with a community at risk for flooding. The nurse is aware that identification of at-risk populations, education of the residents about evacuation routes, and emergency shelters is an example of what level of the National Response Framework?
Security phase
Mitigation phase
Response phase
Practice phase
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason:
The security phase is not a recognized phase in the National Response Framework. The framework focuses on preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation phases. Security measures are integrated into these phases but are not a standalone phase.
Choice B reason:
The mitigation phase involves actions taken to reduce the impact of disasters before they occur. This includes identifying at-risk populations, educating residents about evacuation routes, and establishing emergency shelters. These proactive measures help minimize the potential damage and enhance community resilience.
Choice C reason:
The response phase involves actions taken during and immediately after a disaster to ensure safety and provide emergency assistance. While important, the activities described in the question are more aligned with mitigation efforts that occur before a disaster strikes.
Choice D reason:
The practice phase is not a recognized phase in the National Response Framework. However, preparedness activities, including drills and exercises, are part of the overall framework to ensure readiness for potential disasters.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Home care services provide medical and personal care to clients in their homes. While this option may be suitable for clients with less severe symptoms, a client with significant bilateral lower extremities muscle weakness may require more intensive rehabilitation services to improve mobility and function.
Choice B reason:
A sub-acute care facility provides care for clients who need more intensive services than those available in a traditional nursing home but do not require the full resources of a hospital. While this option may be appropriate for some clients, a rehabilitation facility is better suited for addressing the specific needs of a client with significant muscle weakness due to MS.
Choice C reason:
A rehabilitation facility is the most appropriate setting for a client with significant bilateral lower extremities muscle weakness due to MS. These facilities offer specialized programs and therapies designed to improve mobility, strength, and overall function. The client can receive comprehensive care from a multidisciplinary team, including physical therapists, occupational therapists, and neurologists.
Choice D reason:
A skilled nursing facility provides long-term care for clients with chronic conditions or disabilities. While these facilities offer medical care and assistance with daily activities, they may not provide the intensive rehabilitation services needed for a client with significant muscle weakness due to MS.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Decreasing bright lights can help alleviate discomfort for the client, especially if they are experiencing photophobia, which is common in meningitis. However, this action does not address the immediate need to prevent the spread of infection. While it is a supportive measure, it is not the first priority in managing a client with suspected meningitis.
Choice B reason:
Implementing droplet precautions is the first priority when a client presents with symptoms suggestive of meningitis, such as a severe headache, stiff neck, and positive Kernig’s and Brudzinski’s signs. Meningitis can be caused by bacterial infections that are highly contagious and spread through respiratory droplets. Initiating droplet precautions helps prevent the transmission of the infection to other clients and healthcare workers, making it the most critical initial action.
Choice C reason:
Initiating IV access is important for administering medications and fluids, but it is not the first priority. Ensuring the safety of others by implementing droplet precautions takes precedence. Once precautions are in place, the nurse can proceed with establishing IV access to facilitate further treatment.
Choice D reason:
Administering antibiotics is crucial in the treatment of bacterial meningitis, but it should be done after droplet precautions are in place to prevent the spread of infection. Prompt antibiotic therapy is essential, but the initial step must focus on infection control measures to protect others from exposure.