A nurse is teaching the parents of a child who is to start using a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) to treat asthma. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
"The spacer increases the amount of medication delivered to the oropharynx."
"The spacer increases the amount of medication delivered to the lungs."
"Inhale rapidly using the spacer with the MDI."
"Cover exhalation slots of the spacer with lips when inhaling."
The Correct Answer is B
A. This statement is incorrect; the spacer does not primarily increase medication delivery to the oropharynx.
B. The spacer helps to increase the amount of medication that reaches the lungs by allowing larger particles to settle out and preventing them from being deposited in the mouth and throat.
C. Inhaling slowly and deeply is recommended for effective medication delivery when using an MDI with a spacer.
D. Covering the exhalation slots would prevent proper airflow and could cause the child to inhale exhaled air, which is not recommended during inhalation.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. While constipation can be a side effect of iron supplements, taking them between meals is primarily aimed at improving absorption rather than preventing constipation.
B. Taking iron supplements with food does not specifically increase the risk of esophagitis; instead, it is known to interfere with the absorption of iron.
C. Taking ferrous sulfate between meals optimizes its absorption because food, particularly dairy products, caffeine, and some high-fiber foods, can inhibit the absorption of iron.
D. Although iron supplements can cause nausea, it is more effective to take them between meals for better absorption rather than solely to prevent nausea.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Feeding on a strict schedule may not be beneficial for an infant with heart failure, as these babies often require more frequent, smaller feedings to prevent fatigue and ensure adequate nutrition.
B. Allowing the baby to take as much time as needed can be beneficial, but it is crucial to monitor for fatigue and ensure the infant receives sufficient nutrition within a reasonable time frame.
C. Adding increased calorie supplements to each bottle is an effective strategy to help meet the increased caloric needs of an infant with heart failure, indicating an understanding of the nutritional requirements.
D. While minimizing crying can be helpful, the focus should be on the infant's needs and ensuring they are fed before they become overly distressed, rather than a strict limit on crying time.