A nurse is teaching about the risk factors of developing a stroke with a group of older adult clients. Which nonmodifiable risk factors should the nurse include in the teaching?
Obesity
Race
History of smoking
History of hypertension
The Correct Answer is B
A. Obesity is a modifiable risk factor, as it can be addressed through lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise.
B. Race is a nonmodifiable risk factor; certain races may have a higher risk of stroke due to genetic and environmental factors.
C. History of smoking is a modifiable risk factor because individuals can choose to quit smoking to reduce their risk of stroke.
D. History of hypertension is also a modifiable risk factor; while having high blood pressure increases the risk of stroke, it can be managed with lifestyle changes and medications.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. In the anterior chest assessment, auscultation usually follows inspection and is typically done before percussion.
B. In the neck assessment, the nurse may inspect and then auscultate (e.g., carotid arteries) before palpation.
C. In the heart assessment, auscultation follows inspection but may not involve percussion.
D. In the abdomen, the correct order is to inspect, auscultate, and then percuss to assess bowel sounds effectively before creating additional disturbances with percussion.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Oatmeal is generally considered a good food for individuals with GERD as it can help absorb stomach acid.
B. Apples are typically a safe fruit for GERD sufferers.
C. Chocolate can relax the lower esophageal sphincter and may worsen GERD symptoms, so it should be avoided.
D. Nonfat milk is usually tolerated better than full-fat dairy products and may help soothe the stomach.